Impact of Primordial Magnetic Field-induced Small-scale Power on Non-linear Structure Formation and Cosmic Reionization

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   The origin, evolution and signatures of primordial magnetic fields

   Kandaswamy Subramanian · 2015 · Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · cited 435 times · AI summary available

   Abstract

   The universe is magnetized on all scales probed so far. On the largest scales, galaxies and galaxy clusters host magnetic fields at the micro Gauss level coherent on scales up to ten kpc. Recent observational evidence suggests that even the intergalactic medium in voids could host a weak $\sim 10^{-16}$ Gauss magnetic field, coherent on Mpc scales. An intriguing possibility is that these observed magnetic fields are a relic from the early universe, albeit one which has been subsequently amplified and maintained by a dynamo in collapsed objects. We review here the origin, evolution and signatures of primordial magnetic fields. After a brief summary of magnetohydrodynamics in the expanding uni…

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   Percent-level timing of reionization: self-consistent, implicit-likelihood inference from XQR-30+ Ly$α$ forest data

   Yuxiang Qin, Andrei Mesinger, David Prelogović et al. · 2024 · Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · cited 22 times · AI summary available

   Abstract

   The Lyman alpha (Lya) forest in the spectra of z>5 quasars provides a powerful probe of the late stages of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). With the recent advent of exquisite datasets such as XQR-30, many models have struggled to reproduce the observed large-scale fluctuations in the Lya opacity. Here we introduce a Bayesian analysis framework that forward-models large-scale lightcones of IGM properties, and accounts for unresolved sub-structure in the Lya opacity by calibrating to higher-resolution hydrodynamic simulations. Our models directly connect physically-intuitive galaxy properties with the corresponding IGM evolution, without having to tune "effective" parameters or calibrate out …

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   Testing the near-far connection with FIRE simulations: inferring the stellar mass function of the proto-Local Group at z > 6 using the fossil record of present-day galaxies

   Pratik J. Gandhi, Andrew Wetzel, Michael Boylan-Kolchin et al. · 2023 · Astrophysics of Galaxies · cited 4 times · AI summary available

   Abstract

   The shape of the low-mass (faint) end of the galaxy stellar mass function (SMF) or ultraviolet luminosity function (UVLF) at z > 6 is an open question for understanding which galaxies primarily drove cosmic reionisation. Resolved photometry of Local Group low-mass galaxies allows us to reconstruct their star formation histories, stellar masses, and UV luminosities at early times, and this fossil record provides a powerful `near-far' technique for studying the reionisation-era SMF/UVLF, probing orders of magnitude lower in mass than direct HST/JWST observations. Using 882 low-mass (Mstar < 10^9 Msun) galaxies across 11 Milky Way- and Local Group-analogue environments from the FIRE-2 cosmologi…

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   Haloes, other dark matter candidates and astrophysical implications

   Philippa S. Cole · 2024 · Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · cited 1 time · Not summarized yet

   Abstract

   It is possible that a multi-component dark matter model is required if primordial black holes only contribute to a fraction of the energy density in dark matter. This is increasingly more likely with respect to the case of $f_{\rm PBH} = 1$, since there is only one remaining window, on asteroid-mass scales, where primordial black holes can make up all of the dark matter. A mixed dark matter model can lead to interesting observables that come about due to the interactions between primordial black holes and the second dark matter component. This can provide unique signatures of the presence of primordial black holes and increase the prospects of detection or improvement of constraints in the m…

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   A model for the infrared-radio correlation of main-sequence galaxies at GHz frequencies and its dependence on redshift and stellar mass

   J. Schober, M. T. Sargent, R. S. Klessen et al. · 2022 · A&A 679, A47 (2023) · cited 6 times · AI summary available

   Abstract

   The infrared-radio correlation (IRRC) of star-forming galaxies can be used to estimate their star formation rate (SFR) based on the radio continuum luminosity at MHz-GHz frequencies. For application in future deep radio surveys, it is crucial to know whether the IRRC persists at high redshift z. Delvecchio et al. (2021) observed that the 1.4 GHz IRRC correlation of star-forming galaxies is nearly z-invariant up to z~4, but depends strongly on the stellar mass M_star. This should be taken into account for SFR calibrations based on radio luminosity. To understand the physical cause of the M_star-dependence of the IRRC and its properties at higher z, we construct a phenomenological model for ga…

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   Early Growth in a Perturbed Universe: Exploring Dark Matter Halo Populations in 2LPT and ZA Simulations

   Daniel J. Sissom, Kelly Holley-Bockelmann, Manodeep Sinha · 2014 · Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · preprint, not peer reviewed · Not summarized yet

   Abstract

   We study the structure and evolution of dark matter halos from z = 300 to z = 6 for two cosmological N-body simulation initialization techniques. While the second order Lagrangian perturbation theory (2LPT) and the Zel'dovich approximation (ZA) both produce accurate present day halo mass functions, earlier collapse of dense regions in 2LPT can result in larger mass halos at high redshift. We explore the differences in dark matter halo mass and concentration due to initialization method through three 2LPT and three ZA initialized cosmological simulations. We find that 2LPT induces more rapid halo growth, resulting in more massive halos compared to ZA. This effect is most pronounced for high m…

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   The First Billion Years in Seconds: An Effective Model for the 21-cm Signal with Population III Stars

   Hector Afonso G. Cruz, Julian B. Munoz, Nashwan Sabti et al. · 2024 · Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · cited 11 times · AI summary available

   Abstract

   Observations of the 21-cm signal are opening a window to the cosmic-dawn epoch, when the first stars formed. These observations are usually interpreted with semi-numerical or hydrodynamical simulations, which are often computationally intensive and inflexible to changes in cosmological or astrophysical effects. Here, we present an effective, fully analytic model for the impact of the first stars on the 21-cm signal, using the modular code Zeus21. Zeus21 employs an analytic prescription of the star formation rate density (SFRD) to recover the fully nonlinear and nonlocal correlations of radiative fields that determine the 21-cm signal. We introduce the earliest Population III (Pop III) stars …

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   The mean free path of ionizing photons at 5 < z < 6: evidence for rapid evolution near reionization

   George D. Becker, Anson D'Aloisio, Holly M. Christenson et al. · 2021 · Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · cited 80 times · AI summary available

   Abstract

   The mean free path of ionizing photons, $\lambda_{\rm mfp}$, is a key factor in the photoionization of the intergalactic medium (IGM). At $z \gtrsim 5$, however, $\lambda_{\rm mfp}$ may be short enough that measurements towards QSOs are biased by the QSO proximity effect. We present new direct measurements of $\lambda_{\rm mfp}$ that address this bias and extend up to $z \sim 6$ for the first time. Our measurements at $z \sim 5$ are based on data from the Giant Gemini GMOS survey and new Keck LRIS observations of low-luminosity QSOs. At $z \sim 6$ we use QSO spectra from Keck ESI and VLT X-Shooter. We measure $\lambda_{\rm mfp} = 9.09^{+1.28}_{-1.60}$ proper Mpc and $0.75^{+0.65}_{-0.45}$ pr…