ToolAlpaca: Generalized Tool Learning for Language Models with 3000 Simulated Cases
Authors: Qiaoyu Tang, Ziliang Deng, Hongyu Lin, Xianpei Han, Qiao Liang, Le Sun
AI-generated Key Points
- Enabling effective utilization of real-world tools is crucial in achieving [a specific goal].
- Existing approaches have used extremely large LLMs like GPT-4 or supervised learning on compact models for tool utilization.
- The question remains whether smaller LLMs can achieve generalized tool utilization without specific training.
- ToolAlpaca framework is introduced to automatically generate a tool-use corpus and learn generalized tool utilization on compact language models with minimal human intervention.
- ToolAlpaca collects a comprehensive dataset from a multi-agent simulation environment with 3938 tool-use instances from over 400 real-world tool APIs across 50 categories.
- This dataset is used to fine-tune compact language models resulting in ToolAlpaca-7B and ToolAlpaca-13B models.
- Evaluation shows that these models can effectively utilize previously unseen tools without specific training, comparable to extremely large LLMs like GPT-3.5.
- The process involves generating detailed descriptions and documentation for each tool through LLMs, creating natural language documentation and OpenAPI specifications for clarity and precision.
- Simulated environments involving user, tool executor, and assistant agents are used to resemble real-world scenarios.
Abstract: Enabling large language models to effectively utilize real-world tools is crucial for achieving embodied intelligence. Existing approaches to tool learning have primarily relied on either extremely large language models, such as GPT-4, to attain generalized tool-use abilities in a zero-shot manner, or have utilized supervised learning to train limited types of tools on compact models. However, it remains uncertain whether smaller language models can achieve generalized tool-use abilities without specific tool-specific training. To address this question, this paper introduces ToolAlpaca, a novel framework designed to automatically generate a tool-use corpus and learn generalized tool-use abilities on compact language models with minimal human intervention. Specifically, ToolAlpaca first collects a comprehensive dataset by building a multi-agent simulation environment, which contains 3938 tool-use instances from more than 400 real-world tool APIs spanning 50 distinct categories. Subsequently, the constructed corpus is employed to fine-tune compact language models, resulting in two models, namely ToolAlpaca-7B and ToolAlpaca-13B, respectively. Finally, we evaluate the ability of these models to utilize previously unseen tools without specific training. Experimental results demonstrate that ToolAlpaca achieves effective generalized tool-use capabilities comparable to those of extremely large language models like GPT-3.5. This validation supports the notion that learning generalized tool-use abilities is feasible for compact language models.
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