Check Your Facts and Try Again: Improving Large Language Models with External Knowledge and Automated Feedback
Authors: Baolin Peng, Michel Galley, Pengcheng He, Hao Cheng, Yujia Xie, Yu Hu, Qiuyuan Huang, Lars Liden, Zhou Yu, Weizhu Chen, Jianfeng Gao
AI-generated Key Points
- Challenges of applying large language models (LLMs) to real-world applications
- Issues with LLMs such as hallucinations and lack of external knowledge integration
- Introduction of LLM-Augmenter system to enhance LLMs
- LLM-Augmenter incorporates plug-and-play modules for external knowledge integration
- Iterative revision of LLM prompts using feedback generated by utility functions
- Empirical validation in task-oriented dialog and open-domain question answering scenarios
- Reduction of hallucinations without sacrificing response fluency and informativeness compared to ChatGPT alone
- Availability of source code and models for public use
- Evaluation results on Wiki QA showing top-5 answer recall of consolidated evidence (CORE) at 50.83%
- Conclusion: LLM-Augmenter effectively improves large language models by incorporating external knowledge and automated feedback mechanisms
Abstract: Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, are able to generate human-like, fluent responses for many downstream tasks, e.g., task-oriented dialog and question answering. However, applying LLMs to real-world, mission-critical applications remains challenging mainly due to their tendency to generate hallucinations and inability to use external knowledge.This paper proposes a LLM-Augmenter system, which augments a black-box LLM with a set of plug-and-play modules. Our system makes the LLM generate responses grounded in consolidated external knowledge, e.g., stored in task-specific databases. It also iteratively revises LLM prompts to improve model responses using feedback generated by utility functions, e.g., the factuality score of a LLM-generated response. The effectiveness of LLM-Augmenter is empirically validated on two types of mission-critical scenarios, task-oriented dialog and open-domain question answering. LLM-Augmenter significantly reduces ChatGPT's hallucinations without sacrificing the fluency and informativeness of its responses. We make the source code and models publicly available.
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