AI summary · arXiv: 2108.09771v1 · cond-mat.soft

On the product selectivity in the electrochemical reductive cleavage of lignin model compounds

Marcia Gabriely A. da Cruz, Bruno V. M. Rodrigues, Andjelka Ristic, Serhiy Budnykb, Shoubhik Das, Adam Slabon
Original paper · DOI 10.1080/17518253.2022.2025462 Submitted to arXiv on 22 Aug. 2021 Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews (15 Jan. 2022) Accepted on 30 Dec. 2021 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews License: CC BY 4.0

How to read this summary? Illustrated guide

The essentials

  • Renewable chemicals for fuel and energy industries are in high demand
  • Lignin valorization has emerged as a key area of research
  • Lignin requires a fine-tuning of the depolymerization process to convert it into valuable chemicals
  • 2-phenoxyacetophenone was used as a model compound for lignin's eta-O-4 linkage
  • The study focused on electro-catalytically hydrogenating (ECH) 2-phenoxyacetophenone in distinct three-electrode setups: an open cell and a membrane cell
  • Copper was chosen as an electrocatalyst due to its economic feasibility and low activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)
  • By varying the cell type, the researchers demonstrated a simple ECH route for generating different monomers and oligomers from lignin
  • Gas chromatography analysis revealed that the membrane cell produced products with higher carbonyl group content compared to those produced by the open cell, which mostly contained hydroxyl-end chemicals
  • The study aimed at producing high-value-added products from lignin using cheap transition metal electrodes and sustainable solvents
  • The choice of cell type influences electrochemical reductive depolymerization of lignin
  • Other studies have characterized products generated from various types of biomass feedstocks using different catalytic systems
  • These findings highlight the potential of lignin valorization as a sustainable route for producing renewable chemicals and fuels.

Key points written by AI: they may contain errors, check them against the paper.

AI-generated keywords: Lignin Valorization Electrocatalyzed Depolymerization Sustainable Solvents Renewable Chemicals Bio-Oil

Read further

  • Comprehensive Summary
  • Layman's Summary
  • Blog article
  • Original abstract
Renewable chemicals for fuel and energy industries are in high demand, and lignin valorization has emerged as a key area of research. Lignin, with its high carbon content and aromaticity, requires a fine-tuning of the depolymerization process to convert it into valuable chemicals. To understand the electrocatalyzed depolymerization process that mimics typical linkages of lignin, model compounds have been used. In this investigation, 2-phenoxyacetophenone was used as a model compound for lignin's eta-O-4 linkage. The study focused on electro-catalytically hydrogenating (ECH) 2-phenoxyacetophenone in distinct three-electrode setups: an open cell and a membrane cell. The researchers used a deep eutectic solvent based on ethylene-glycol and choline chloride to pursue sustainable routes to dissolve lignin. Copper was chosen as an electrocatalyst due to its economic feasibility and low activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which is a side reaction of ECH. By varying the cell type, the researchers demonstrated a simple ECH route for generating different monomers and oligomers from lignin. Gas chromatography analysis revealed that the membrane cell produced products with higher carbonyl group content compared to those produced by the open cell, which mostly contained hydroxyl-end chemicals. The study aimed at producing high-value-added products from lignin using cheap transition metal electrodes and sustainable solvents. The results disclosed that the choice of cell type influences electrochemical reductive depolymerization of lignin. In addition to this investigation, other studies have characterized products generated from various types of biomass feedstocks using different catalytic systems. For instance, one study reported that microwave-assisted pyrolysis can produce bio-oil with high yields from corn stover feedstock. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of lignin valorization as a sustainable route for producing renewable chemicals and fuels. Further research is needed to optimize the depolymerization process and scale up production for commercial applications.

Was this synthesis useful?

Score: 0

Why do we need votes?

Votes are used to determine whether we need to re-run our summarizing tools. If the count reaches -10, our tools can be restarted.

Figures and plots

Ask about a figure by number or use its question button to request visual analysis. Up to two figures and four image panels per question. Values read from plots are approximate; check the original data.

AI assistant instructions?

Tools for this paper

Explain it differently 1 free rewrite left today
Save to a collection Group papers in collections to compare them, chat with them and export them. Continue with Google Create a free account Log in

Advanced tools Premium

For researchers who follow a field closely: citation alerts, journal-club slides, version comparison and Zotero export. Discover Premium

Zotero
Citation alerts Citation alerts guide

Papers around this one

See them on a map

Ranked by how close their title and abstract are to this paper’s. Select some to read them together.

Closest papers

  1. Related Broader context
    Fabrication of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Ceramic Composites by Wet Electrospinning
    Yunzhi Xu, Junior Ndayikengurukiye, Ange-Therese Akono et al. · 2021 · Soft Condensed Matter · AI summary available

    Wet electrospinning fabricates polymer-ceramic composites, unlike the paper’s electrochemical cleavage of lignin model compounds.

    Abstract

    We propose a novel approach of wet electrospinning to yield fiber-reinforced polymer ceramic composites, where a reactive ceramic precursor gel is used as a collector. We illustrate our approach by generating polyethylene oxide (PEO) fibers in a potassium silicate gel; the gel is later activated using metakaolin to yield a ceramic-0.5 wt% PEO fiber composite. An increase of 29% and 22% is recorded for the fabricated polymer ceramic composites in terms of indentation modulus and indentation hardness respectively. Our initial findings demonstrate the process viability and might lead to a potentially scalable manufacturing approach for fiber-reinforced polymer ceramic composites.

  2. Related Broader context
    Integrated nanoextraction and colorimetric reactions in surface nanodroplets for combinative analysis
    Zixiang Wei, Miaosi Li, Hongbo Zeng et al. · 2020 · Analytic Chemistry (2020) · AI summary available

    Surface nanodroplets extract acidic compounds for colorimetric analysis, rather than electrochemically depolymerizing lignin.

    Abstract

    A combinative approach for chemical analysis makes it possible to distinguish a mixture of a large number of compounds from other mixtures in a single step. This work demonstrates a combinative analysis approach by using surface nanodroplets for integrating nanoextraction and colorimetric reactions for the identification of multi-component mixtures. The model analytes are acidic compounds dissolved in oil that are extracted into aqueous droplets on a solid substrate. The proton from acid dissociation reacts with the halochromic chemical compounds inside the droplets, leading to the color change of the droplets. The rate of the colorimetric reaction exhibits certain specificity for the acid t…

  3. Related Broader context
    Molecular mechanism of the Debye relaxation in monohydroxy alcohols revealed from rheo-dielectric spectroscopy
    Shalin Patil, Ruikun Sun, Shinian Cheng et al. · 2022 · Soft Condensed Matter · AI summary available

    Rheo-dielectric spectroscopy studies shear effects on alcohol relaxation, not electrochemical lignin cleavage.

    Abstract

    Rheodielectric spectroscopy is employed, for the first time, to investigate the effect of external shear on the Debyelike relaxation of a model monohydroxy alcohol, i.e., the 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (2E1H). Shear deformation leads to strong acceleration in the structural relaxation, the Debye relaxation, and the terminal relaxation of 2E1H. Moreover, the shear-induced reduction in structural relaxation time, tau_alpha, scales quadratically with that of Debye time, tau_D, and the terminal flow time, tau_f, suggesting a relationship of tau_D*tau_D~tau_alpha. Further analyses reveal tau_D*tau_D/tau_alpha of 2E1H follows Arrhenius temperature dependence that applies remarkably well to many other monoh…

  4. Related Broader context
    Tailoring the Morphology of Cellulose Nanocrystals via Controlled Aggregation
    Kévin Ballu, Jia-Hui Lim, Thomas G. Parton et al. · 2024 · Soft Condensed Matter · AI summary available

    Controlled aggregation changes cellulose nanocrystal morphology, while the paper examines electrochemical conversion of lignin model compounds.

    Abstract

    Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are bioderived nanoparticles that can be isolated from various sources of natural cellulose via acid hydrolysis. However, the link between particle morphological characteristics and their ensemble behavior is poorly understood, partly because of the difficulties in controlling the CNC morphology during their extraction process. In this work, the impacts of common post-hydrolysis treatments on the CNC morphology are investigated. The results indicate that the centrifugation step commonly applied during CNC purification favors the formation of composite particles made of aligned crystallites, referred to as 'bundles'. Scanning nanobeam electron diffraction reveals…

  5. Related Broader context
    Membrane fouling: microscopic insights into the effects of surface chemistry and roughness
    Mao Wang, John Wang, Jianwen Jiang · 2021 · Soft Condensed Matter · AI summary available

    Molecular simulations examine foulant interactions with membrane surfaces, whereas the paper compares electrochemical lignin cleavage in open and membrane cells.

    Abstract

    Fouling is a major obstacle and challenge in membrane-based separation processes. Caused by the sophisticated interactions between foulant and membrane surface, fouling strongly depends on membrane surface chemistry and morphology. Current studies in the field have been largely focused on polymer membranes. Herein, we report a molecular simulation study for fouling on alumina and graphene membrane surfaces during water treatment. For two foulants (sucralose and bisphenol A), the fouling on alumina surfaces is reduced with increasing surface roughness; however, the fouling on graphene surfaces is enhanced by roughness. It is unravelled that the foulant-surface interaction becomes weaker in th…

  6. Related Broader context
    Optimization-based design and analysis of tailor-made ionic liquids
    Amirhossein Mehrkesh · 2016 · Soft Condensed Matter · Not summarized yet

    Optimization-based design evaluates ionic-liquid properties and impacts, while the paper uses a deep eutectic solvent for lignin model-compound cleavage.

    Abstract

    Solvents comprise two thirds of all industrial emissions. Traditional organic solvents easily reach the atmosphere as they have high vapor pressure and are linked to a host of negative environmental effects including climate change, urban air-quality and human illness. Room temperature ionic liquids (RTIL), on the other hand, have low vapor pressure and are not flammable or explosive, thereby resulting in fewer environmental burdens and health hazards. However, their life cycle environmental impacts as well as freshwater ecotoxicity implications are poorly understood. RTILs are molten salts that exist as liquids at relatively low temperatures and have unique properties. Ionic liquids consist…

  7. Related Broader context
    Dielectric and thermodynamic study of Carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) - methanol (CH$_3$OH) mixture
    Raúl Fuentes-Azcatl, Hector Dominguez · 2022 · Soft Condensed Matter · AI summary available

    The study compares molecular models for CO2-methanol mixture properties, unlike the paper’s electrochemical lignin depolymerization.

    Abstract

    In this paper is calculated and analyzed the dielectric behavior of carbon dioxide - methanol mixture and evaluate how the correct reproduction of the electrical properties of this molecules influences in the mixture of these two substances. A comparison of two carbon dioxide models and three methanol models is made, where the CO2/$ε$ model reproduces and improves the dielectric constant and for the methanol the TraPPE 2015 and MeOH-4P models improve the dielectric constant $ε$, the surface tension γ , and the liquid density \r{ho} of the pure liquid at T=298.15 K and p=1 bar.

  8. Related Broader context
    Dielectric study on mixtures of ionic liquids
    E. Thoms, P. Sippel, D. Reuter et al. · 2017 · Scientific Reports 7, 7463 (2017) · Not summarized yet

    The study tunes ionic-liquid conductivity and fragility by mixing liquids, whereas the paper uses a deep eutectic solvent in lignin cleavage.

    Abstract

    Ionic liquids are promising candidates for electrolytes in energy-storage systems. We demonstrate that mixing two ionic liquids allows to precisely tune their physical properties, like the dc conductivity. Moreover, these mixtures enable the gradual modification of the fragility parameter, which is believed to be a measure of the complexity of the energy landscape in supercooled liquids. The physical origin of this index is still under debate; therefore, mixing ionic liquids can provide further insights. From the chemical point of view, tuning ionic liquids via mixing is an easy and thus an economic way. For this study, we performed detailed investigations by broadband dielectric spectroscop…

How are these papers found?

We compare the title and abstract of this paper with those of every paper summarized on this site, and with the papers Semantic Scholar recommends, those it cites and those citing it (for a much-cited paper, its most recent citations and, from OpenAlex, the most cited ones). Among the prior work and the follow-ups, the papers that use each other in depth, a method it uses and the much-cited follow-ups come a little higher. The levels (very close, close, related) come from the similarity of the texts, not from a judgment of quality; * marks a paper without an abstract, compared by its title. The sentence under a paper is written by an AI from the two abstracts: check it in the papers. A paper marked not relevant by three readers leaves the list.

For now only among the papers summarized on this site: search again to add the prior work, the follow-ups and Semantic Scholar’s recommendations.

The previous summary was created more than a year ago and can be re-run (if necessary) by clicking on the Run button below.

Disclaimer: The AI-based summarization tool and virtual assistant provided on this website may not always provide accurate and complete summaries or responses. We encourage you to carefully review and evaluate the generated content to ensure its quality and relevance to your needs.