New millimeter CO observations of the gas-rich debris disks 49 Cet and HD 32297

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   ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE MOLECULAR GAS IN THE DEBRIS DISK OF THE 30 Myr OLD STAR HD 21997

   Á. Kóspál, A. Moór, A. Juhász et al. · 2013 · The Astrophysical Journal · cité 84 fois · Pas encore résumé

   HD 21997 y est étudiée par ALMA pour caractériser le gaz moléculaire d’un disque de débris, comme 49 Cet et HD 32297 ici.

   Résumé scientifique

   The 30 Myr old A3-type star HD 21997 is one of the two known debris dust disks having a measurable amount of cold molecular gas. With the goal of understanding the physical state, origin, and evolution of the gas in young debris disks, we obtained CO line observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Here, we report on the detection of 12CO and 13CO in the J = 2–1 and J = 3–2 transitions and C18O in the J = 2–1 line. The gas exhibits a Keplerian velocity curve, one of the few direct measurements of Keplerian rotation in young debris disks. The measured CO brightness distribution could be reproduced by a simple star+disk system, whose parameters are rin < 26 AU, r…

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   Molecular Gas in Debris Disks around Young A-type Stars

   A. Moór, M. Curé, Á. Kóspál et al. · 2017 · The Astrophysical Journal · cité 88 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette étude recherche les isotopologues du CO dans des disques de débris autour d’étoiles A, comme l’observation de 49 Cet et HD 32297.

   Résumé scientifique

   According to the current paradigm of circumstellar disk evolution, gas-rich primordial disks evolve into gas-poor debris disks that are composed of second-generation dust. To explore the transition between these phases, we searched for 12CO, 13CO, and C18O emission in seven dust-rich debris disks around young A-type stars, using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Band 6. We discovered molecular gas in three debris disks. In all of these disks, the 12CO line was optically thick, highlighting the importance of less abundant molecules in reliable mass estimates. By supplementing our target list with literature data, we compiled a volume-limited sample of dust-rich debris…

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   A Deep Search for Five Molecules in the 49 Ceti Debris Disk

   Jessica Klusmeyer, A. Meredith Hughes, Luca Matra et al. · 2021 · Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · cité 5 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   Cette recherche mesure cinq molécules dans le disque de débris de 49 Cet, tandis que l’article observe ses isotopologues du CO.

   Résumé scientifique

   Surprisingly strong CO emission has been observed from more than a dozen debris disks around nearby main-sequence stars. The origin of this CO is unclear, in particular whether it is left over from the protoplanetary disk phase or is second-generation material released from collisions between icy bodies like debris dust. The primary unexplored avenue for distinguishing the origin of the material is understanding its molecular composition. Here we present a deep search for five molecules (CN, HCN, HCO+, SiO, and CH3OH) in the debris disk around 49 Ceti. We take advantage of the high sensitivity of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at Band 7 to integrate for 3.2 hours at …

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   ALMA Detection of Extended Millimeter Halos in the HD 32297 and HD 61005 Debris Disks

   Meredith A. MacGregor, Alycia J. Weinberger, A. Meredith Hughes et al. · 2018 · 2018, ApJ, 869, 75 · cité 37 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette étude image le disque de débris de HD 32297 à 1,3 mm, l’un des deux systèmes observés ici en CO.

   Résumé scientifique

   We present ALMA 1.3 mm (230 GHz) observations of the HD 32297 and HD 61005 debris disks, two of the most iconic debris disks due to their dramatic swept-back wings seen in scattered light images. These observations achieve sensitivities of 14 and 13 $\mu$Jy beam$^{-1}$ for HD 32297 and HD 61005, respectively, and provide the highest resolution images of these two systems at millimeter wavelengths to date. By adopting a MCMC modeling approach, we determine that both disks are best described by a two-component model consisting of a broad ($\Delta R/R> 0.4$) planetesimal belt with a rising surface density gradient, and a steeply falling outer halo aligned with the scattered light disk. The inne…

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   Primordial or Secondary? Testing Models of Debris Disk Gas with ALMA

   G. Cataldi, Y. Aikawa, K. Iwasaki et al. · 2023 · Astrophysical Journal · cité 16 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette étude compare les modèles d’origine du gaz de disques de débris avec des observations de CO et de carbone, comme le modèle de gaz secondaire discuté ici.

   Résumé scientifique

   The origin and evolution of gas in debris disks are still not well understood. Secondary gas production from cometary material or a primordial origin have been proposed. So far, observations have mostly concentrated on CO, with only a few C observations available. We overview the C and CO content of debris disk gas and test state-of-the-art models. We use new and archival Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of CO and C i emission, complemented by C ii data from Herschel, for a sample of 14 debris disks. This expands the number of disks with ALMA measurements of both CO and C i by 10 disks. We present new detections of C i emission toward three disks: HD 21997, HD…

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   ALMA Observations of the HD~110058 debris disk

   Antonio S. Hales, SebastiÁn Marino, Patrick D. Sheehan et al. · 2022 · Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · cité 16 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   Cette étude mesure le gaz CO et la poussière du disque de débris riche en gaz de HD 110058, un autre système de cette catégorie.

   Résumé scientifique

   We present Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the young, gas-rich debris disk around HD110058 at 0.3-0.6\arcsec resolution. The disk is detected in the 0.85 and 1.3~mm continuum, as well as in the J=2-1 and J=3-2 transitions of $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO. The observations resolve the dust and gas distributions and reveal that this is the smallest debris disk around stars of similar luminosity observed by ALMA. The new ALMA data confirm the disk is very close to edge-on, as shown previously in scattered light images. We use radiative transfer modeling to constrain the physical properties of dust and gas disks. The dust density peaks at around 31~au and has a smooth outer edge …

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   Modelling the Spatial Distribution and Origin of CO Gas in Debris Disks

   Antonio Hales, Uma Gorti, John Carpenter et al. · 2019 · Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · cité 10 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   Cette étude analyse la distribution spatiale du CO et teste son origine primordiale ou secondaire dans des disques de débris.

   Résumé scientifique

   The detection of gas in debris disks raises the question of whether this gas is a remnant from the primordial protoplanetary phase, or released by the collision of secondary bodies. In this paper we analyze ALMA observations at 1-1.5" resolution of three debris disks where the $^{12}$CO(2-1) rotational line was detected: HD131835, HD138813, and HD156623. We apply the iterative Lucy-Richardson deconvolution technique to the problem of circumstellar disks to derive disk geometries and surface brightness distributions of the gas. The derived disk parameters are used as input for thermochemical models to test both primordial and cometary scenarios for the origin of the gas. We favor a secondary …

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   The search for gas in debris discs: ALMA detection of CO gas in HD 36546

   Isabel Rebollido, Álvaro Ribas, Itziar de Gregorio-Monsalvo et al. · 2021 · Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · cité 10 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette étude recherche le CO dans des disques de débris et rapporte sa détection autour de HD 36546, comme l’article pour deux autres systèmes.

   Résumé scientifique

   Debris discs represent the last stages of planet formation and as such are expected to be depleted of primordial gas. Nonetheless, in the last few years the presence of cold gas has been reported in $\sim$ 20 debris discs from far-IR to (sub-)mm observations and hot gas has been observed in the optical spectra of debris discs for decades. While the origin of this gas is still uncertain, most evidences point towards a secondary origin, as a result of collisions and evaporation of small bodies in the disc. In this paper, we present ALMA observations aimed at the detection of CO gas in a sample of 8 debris discs with optical gas detections. We report the detection of CO ($^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO…

Les travaux antérieurs sur lesquels il s’appuie

1. Très proche Contexte plus large Utilisé en profondeur par cet article Une méthode qu’il utilise Pas pertinent

   DISCOVERY OF MOLECULAR GAS AROUND HD 131835 IN AN APEX MOLECULAR LINE SURVEY OF BRIGHT DEBRIS DISKS

   A. Moór, T. Henning, A. Juhász et al. · 2015 · The Astrophysical Journal · cité 51 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette étude découvre du CO autour de HD 131835 dans un relevé de disques de débris, élargissant le contexte des systèmes riches en gaz.

   Résumé scientifique

   Debris disks are considered to be gas-poor, but recent observations revealed molecular or atomic gas in several 10–40 Myr old systems. We used the APEX and IRAM 30 m radio telescopes to search for CO gas in 20 bright debris disks. In one case, around the 16 Myr old A-type star HD 131835, we discovered a new gas-bearing debris disk, where the CO 3–2 transition was successfully detected. No other individual system exhibited a measurable CO signal. Our Herschel Space Observatory far-infrared images of HD 131835 marginally resolved the disk at both 70 and 100 μm, with a characteristic radius of ∼170 AU. While in stellar properties HD 131835 resembles β Pic, its dust disk properties are similar t…

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   Predictions for the secondary CO, C and O gas content of debris discs from the destruction of volatile-rich planetesimals

   Quentin Kral, Luca Matra, Mark Wyatt et al. · 2017 · Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · cité 95 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   Ce modèle semi-analytique prédit les quantités de CO, C et O produites par des planétésimaux, tandis que l’article modélise l’écrantage du CO secondaire.

   En bref

   Le modèle prédit la production et l’observabilité de gaz secondaire CO, C et O dans les disques de débris, et explique qualitativement les observations disponibles.

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   Detection of Submillimeter-wave [C i] Emission in Gaseous Debris Disks of 49 Ceti and β Pictoris

   A. Higuchi, Aki Sato, T. Tsukagoshi et al. · 2017 · Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union · cité 29 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette étude détecte le carbone atomique dans les disques de 49 Cet et β Pictoris et le relie à la photodissociation du CO.

   Résumé scientifique

   We have detected [C i] 3P1–3P0 emissions in the gaseous debris disks of 49 Ceti and β Pictoris with the 10 m telescope of the Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment, which is the first detection of such emissions. The line profiles of [C i] are found to resemble those of CO(J = 3–2) observed with the same telescope and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. This result suggests that atomic carbon (C) coexists with CO in the debris disks and is likely formed by the photodissociation of CO. Assuming an optically thin [C i] emission with the excitation temperature ranging from 30 to 100 K, the column density of C is evaluated to be (2.2 ± 0.2) × 1017 and (2.5 ± 0.7) × 1016 cm−2 f…

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   RESOLVED CO GAS INTERIOR TO THE DUST RINGS OF THE HD 141569 DISK

   K. Flaherty, A. Hughes, S. Andrews et al. · 2016 · The Astrophysical Journal · cité 22 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette étude résout le gaz CO du disque de débris de HD 141569 et estime sa masse, comme l’article caractérise le gaz de deux disques.

   Résumé scientifique

   The disk around HD 141569 is one of a handful of systems whose weak infrared emission is consistent with a debris disk, but still has a significant reservoir of gas. Here we report spatially resolved millimeter observations of the CO(3-2) and CO(1-0) emission as seen with the Submillimeter Array and CARMA. We find that the excitation temperature for CO is lower than expected from cospatial blackbody grains, similar to previous observations of analogous systems, and derive a gas mass that lies between that of gas-rich primordial disks and gas-poor debris disks. The data also indicate a large inner hole in the CO gas distribution and an outer radius that lies interior to the outer scattered li…

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   DEBRIS DISKS IN THE SCORPIUS–CENTAURUS OB ASSOCIATION RESOLVED BY ALMA

   Jesse Lieman-Sifry, A. Hughes, J. Carpenter et al. · 2016 · The Astrophysical Journal · cité 63 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette enquête mesure le CO et la poussière de disques de débris jeunes afin d’évaluer la présence de gaz moléculaire.

   Résumé scientifique

   We present a CO(2-1) and 1240 μm continuum survey of 23 debris disks with spectral types B9-G1, observed at an angular resolution of 0.″5–1″ with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA). The sample was selected for large infrared excess and age ∼10 Myr, to characterize the prevalence of molecular gas emission in young debris disks. We identify three CO-rich debris disks, plus two additional tentative (3σ) CO detections. Twenty disks were detected in the continuum at the >3σ level. For the 12 disks in the sample that are spatially resolved by our observations, we perform an independent analysis of the interferometric continuum visibilities to constrain the basic dust disk geom…

Les articles qui le citent

1. Très proche Même méthode, autre problème Utilise cet article en profondeur Pas pertinent

   Population synthesis of exocometary gas around A stars

   S. Marino, M. Flock, T. Henning et al. · 2020 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · cité 31 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Ce modèle simule l’évolution du gaz exocomettaire autour d’étoiles A en tenant compte de l’écrantage par le carbone, mécanisme étudié ici.

   Résumé scientifique

   The presence of CO gas around 10-50 Myr old A stars with debris discs has sparked debate on whether the gas is primordial or secondary. Since secondary gas released from planetesimals is poor in H$_2$, it was thought that CO would quickly photodissociate never reaching the high levels observed around the majority of A stars with bright debris discs. Kral et al. 2019 showed that neutral carbon produced by CO photodissociation can effectively shield CO and potentially explain the high CO masses around 9 A stars with bright debris discs. Here we present a new model that simulates the gas viscous evolution, accounting for carbon shielding and how the gas release rate decreases with time as the p…

2. Très proche Même question Pas pertinent

   The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS)

   A. Brennan, L. Matrá, S. M. Manamon et al. · 2026 · Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics · cité 7 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette étude modélise les profils de CO du disque riche en gaz HD 121617 pour estimer sa masse et son opacité, comme l’article mesure le CO.

   Résumé scientifique

   Context . CO gas has been detected in ~20 debris discs, typically classified as CO-poor or CO-rich. We present observations of the CO-rich HD 121617 debris disc as part of the ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS). Aims . We model local CO line profiles in the HD 121617 debris disc to investigate optical depth, CO mass, and temperature. HD 121617 is a well-suited ARKS target due to its previously detected CO emission and moderate inclination, reducing the effect of Keplerian shear. Methods . Using high-resolution ALMA Band 7 observations of 12 CO J=3–2 (26 m s −1 , 0 ⋅ ′′ 1), we create local line profiles by aligning and stacking spectra in concentric annuli of 0 ⋅ ′′ 02…

3. Proche Résultats différents Pas pertinent

   A Primordial Origin for the Gas-rich Debris Disks around Intermediate-mass Stars

   R. Nakatani, Neal J. Turner, Y. Hasegawa et al. · 2023 · Astrophysical Journal Letters · cité 7 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette étude attribue les disques riches en gaz à des disques protoplanétaires résiduels, tandis que l’article explique leur CO abondant par l’écrantage d’un gaz secondaire.

   Résumé scientifique

   While most debris disks consist of dust with little or no gas, a fraction have significant amounts of gas detected via emission lines of CO, ionized carbon, and/or atomic oxygen. Almost all such gaseous debris disks known are around A-type stars with ages up to 50 Myr. We show, using semianalytic disk evolution modeling, that this can be understood if the gaseous debris disks are remnant protoplanetary disks that have become depleted of small grains compared to the interstellar medium. Photoelectric heating by the A stars’ far-UV (FUV) radiation is then inefficient, while the stars’ extreme-UV (EUV) and X-ray emissions are weak owing to a lack of surface convective zones capable of driving m…

4. Proche Même méthode, autre problème Pas pertinent

   A Constraint on the Amount of Hydrogen from the CO Chemistry in Debris Disks

   Kazunari Iwasaki, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Aya E. Higuchi et al. · 2023 · Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · cité 3 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   Cette étude utilise des calculs de transfert radiatif et de chimie pour contraindre l’hydrogène à partir du rapport C/CO dans les disques de débris.

   Résumé scientifique

   The faint CO gases in debris disks are easily dissolved into C by UV irradiation, while CO can be reformed via reactions with hydrogen. The abundance ratio of C/CO could thus be a probe of the amount of hydrogen in the debris disks. We conduct radiative transfer calculations with chemical reactions for debris disks. For a typical dust-to-gas mass ratio of debris disks, CO formation proceeds without the involvement of H$_2$ because a small amount of dust grains makes H$_2$ formation inefficient. We find that the CO to C number density ratio depends on a combination of $n_\mathrm{H}Z^{0.4}\chi^{-1.1}$, where $n_\mathrm{H}$ is the hydrogen nucleus number density, $Z$ is the metallicity, and $\c…

5. Proche Même question Pas pertinent

   The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS)

   S. M. Manamon, L. Matrá, S. Marino et al. · 2026 · Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics · cité 6 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Cette enquête ARKS analyse la distribution et la masse du CO dans des disques de débris, objets centraux des observations de l’article.

   Résumé scientifique

   Context . CO gas is detected in a significant number (~20) of debris discs (exoKuiper belts), but understanding its origin and evolution remains elusive. Crucial pieces of evidence are its mass and spectro-spatial distribution, which are coupled through optical depth and have only been analysed at low to moderate resolution so far. The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) is the first ALMA large program to target debris discs at high spectro-spatial resolution. Aims . We used 12 CO and 13 CO J=3-2 line data of 18 debris belts observed by ARKS, 5 of which were already known to be gas-bearing, in order to analyse the spectro-spatial distribution of CO and constrain the ga…