Learning outside the Classroom

Authors: Ariel Brantley

Phi Delta Kappan
Published on 01 May. 2014
Abstract

Academics aren't the only way to learn at school.

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  1. Related Same question Cites this paper
    Releasing education into the wild: an education in, and of, the outdoors
    C. Skea, A. Fulford · 2020 · Ethics and Education · cited 6 times · Not summarized yet

    “Releasing education into the wild” examines outdoor learning beyond the classroom, distinguishing curriculum delivered outdoors from learning shaped by being outdoors.

    Abstract

    ABSTRACT This paper considers the recent growth in different kinds of learning outside the classroom, especially Forest Schools. It shows how the activities associated with Forest Schools often involve mainstream curriculum content delivered in outdoor settings, with a focus on developing skills and attitudes that can be utilised when back in the classroom. Drawing on the works of Henry David Thoreau and Anna (Nan) Shepherd, we suggest that there is an important distinction to be made between an education in the outdoors, and an education of the outdoors. Through a close reading of ‘Walden’ and ‘The Living Mountain’, we argue that both works provide perspectives on being in the outdoors that…

  2. Related Same question Cites this paper
    Encouraging Experiential Skill Through Self-Learning Approach: A Case Study of Fieldwork Program
    Idris, B. Kurniawan, A. Purnomo · 2020 · cited 1 time · Not summarized yet

    The fieldwork study examines outdoor learning and how self-directed activity develops students’ practical analytical skills.

    Abstract

    Self-learning approach becomes one of the learning models that have a significant role in improving students' abilities. Independent efforts of each individual and continuing to increase motivation are challenges that must be solved by students and educators. This study aims to analyze student behavior in outdoor learning through self-directed learning models. Data were collected from 46 students who conducted fieldwork programs and analyzed using statistic descriptive. This study found that self-directed learning provides opportunities for students to develop practical analytical skills in resolving contradictions in understanding between theory in class and practice in the field. In additi…

  3. Related Broader context
    Choose Your Own Adventure With Student Discourse
    Greg Benoit, LuAnn Silva, Pelin Jackson et al. · 2026 · Mathematics Teacher · Not summarized yet

    “Choose Your Own Adventure With Student Discourse” focuses on creative mathematical discussion within classrooms, rather than learning outside them.

    Abstract

    Discover how redefining mathematical discourse can rupture traditional classroom cultures for collective classroom thinking and creative, evolving ideas.

  4. Related* Same question Cites this paper
    Integrating outdoor learning into the curriculum: an exploration in four nations
    Rowena Passy, P. Bentsen, Tonia Gray et al. · 2019 · Curriculum perspectives · cited 27 times · Not summarized yet

    “Integrating outdoor learning into the curriculum” concerns incorporating learning outside the classroom into formal education.

  5. Related Same question Cites this paper
    Outdoor learning based on natural laboratory as social studies learning resources for strengthening student's insights and characters
    B. Kurniawan, S. M. Towaf, S. Sukamto et al. · 2021 · Community Empowerment through Research, Innovation and Open Access · cited 1 time · Not summarized yet

    The study explores a natural laboratory as an outdoor resource for social studies learning and student development.

    Abstract

    Through innovative learning, students’ insight and character are expected to be improved. Various efforts have been made by the teacher to achieve these goals, one of which is by using outdoor learning based on the natural laboratory. This study aims to explore the potential of learning resources in the natural laboratory managed by the Faculty of Social Sciences, State University of Malang, regarding social studies learning. This research was conducted in Gandusari District, Blitar-Indonesia. By using a qualitative descriptive approach, this study finds that historical potential has an impact on increasing students’ insights regarding historical material in social studies learning. This res…

  6. Related Broader context
    Towards an AI-Augmented Textbook
    LearnLM Team, Google, : et al. · 2025 · Computers and Society · preprint, not peer reviewed · cited 4 times · AI summary available

    “Towards an AI-Augmented Textbook” addresses personalized learning through generative AI and textbook adaptations, not learning outside the classroom.

    Abstract

    Textbooks are a cornerstone of education, but they have a fundamental limitation: they are a one-size-fits-all medium. Any new material or alternative representation requires arduous human effort, so that textbooks cannot be adapted in a scalable manner. We present an approach for transforming and augmenting textbooks using generative AI, adding layers of multiple representations and personalization while maintaining content integrity and quality. We refer to the system built with this approach as Learn Your Way. We report pedagogical evaluations of the different transformations and augmentations, and present the results of a a randomized control trial, highlighting the advantages of learnin…

  7. Related Same question Cites this paper Uses this paper in depth
    Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Alam sebagai Sarana Pengembangan Karakter Sosial Peserta Didik di Sanggar Anak Alam
    Atika Ayuni Febiana, M. F. Mujib, Cony Ahriza Davina Putri et al. · 2025 · Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal · cited 5 times · Not summarized yet

    The study examines nature-based learning at Sanggar Anak Alam and its role in developing students’ social character.

    Abstract

    This study examines the implementation of Nature-Based Learning (NBL) at Sanggar Anak Alam (SALAM) as a means of developing students' social character. A descriptive qualitative method was used, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects of the study were 15 students selected purposively. The results showed that NBL was implemented through project-based activities, inclusive interactions, and regular reflections, effectively shaping students' responsibility, empathy, and environmental awareness. Despite challenges such as limited facilities and a lack of teaching method variation, curriculum innovation and community involvement helped a…

  8. Related Broader context
    Computers in Secondary Schools: Educational Games
    Margarida Romero · 2020 · Arthur Tatnall. Encyclopedia of Education and Information Technologies, pp.1-4, 2019 · cited 3 times · AI summary available

    “Computers in Secondary Schools: Educational Games” describes digitally supported playful learning, a different setting and approach from learning outside the classroom.

    Abstract

    This entry introduces educational games in secondary schools. Educational games include three main types of educational activities with a playful learning intention supported by digital technologies: educational serious games, educational gamification, and learning through game creation. Educational serious games are digital games that support learning objectives. Gamification is defined as the use of "game design elements and game thinking in a non-gaming context" (Deterding et al. 2011, p. 13). Educational gamification is not developed through a digital game but includes game elements for supporting the learning objectives. Learning through game creation is focused on the process of design…

Papers that cite it

  1. Related Broader context
    How to Use Challenge-Based Learning for the Acquisition of Learning to Learn Competence in Early Childhood Preservice Teachers: A Virtual Archaeological Museum Tour in Spain
    Daniel Abril-López, Dolores López Carrillo, Pedro M. Gonzalez-Moreno et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Education · cited 14 times · Not summarized yet

    The article studies challenge-based learning through a virtual museum tour for preservice teachers, not learning outside the classroom.

    Abstract

    This article presents the research results in relation to an interdisciplinary teaching innovation project—Teaching and Learning of Social Sciences and Teaching and Learning of Natural Sciences—with Early Childhood Preservice Teachers (ECPT) at the University of Alcalá (Spain) in the pandemic context by COVID-19 during 2020–2021 (N = 55): 52 women (94.55%) and 3 men (5.45%) from 20 to 22 years of age. The main research problem is to know if the ECPT improves the learning to learn competence after a challenge-based learning (CBL) linked to virtual tour in a museum. The main objective was to improve the learning to learn competence, during a virtual tour at the Community of Madrid Regional Arc…

  2. Related Same question
    The role of assessment and reward in non-formal computing settings (Work in progress)
    Oliver Quinlan, S. Sentance, Jonathan H. Dickins et al. · 2019 · Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education · Not summarized yet

    The study investigates out-of-school computing clubs and how assessment and rewards relate to children’s non-formal learning.

    Abstract

    Non-formal learning settings enable self-selected groups of children to participate in out-of-school activities related to their interests, with participation primarily governed by intrinsic motivation. In contrast, formal learning incorporates external rewards through assessment activities which engender extrinsic motivation. Here we describe an exploratory study carried out in computing clubs for primary-aged children, held outside the formal curriculum in schools and libraries. The objectives of the study, involving 12 clubs and 115 children aged 6 to 11, were to investigate the feasibility of introducing assessment opportunities to computing clubs and to consider the impact of rewards in…

  3. Related Same question
    Visualizing the invisible: class excursions to ignite children’s enthusiasm for microbes
    T. McGenity, A. Gessesse, J. Hallsworth et al. · 2020 · Microbial Biotechnology · cited 50 times · Not summarized yet

    “Visualizing the invisible” discusses class excursions as a way to teach children about microbes beyond ordinary classroom instruction.

    Abstract

    We have recently argued that, because microbes have pervasive – often vital – influences on our lives, and that therefore their roles must be taken into account in many of the decisions we face, society must become microbiology‐literate, through the introduction of relevant microbiology topics in school curricula (Timmis et al. 2019. Environ Microbiol 21: 1513‐1528). The current coronavirus pandemic is a stark example of why microbiology literacy is such a crucial enabler of informed policy decisions, particularly those involving preparedness of public‐health systems for disease outbreaks and pandemics. However, a significant barrier to attaining widespread appreciation of microbial contribu…

  4. Related Same question
    The teaching of traumatic narratives: out-of-the-classroom engagement with non-canonical ‘chosen traumas’
    Nimrod Tal · 2024 · History Education Research Journal · cited 2 times · Not summarized yet

    The article examines how out-of-classroom history experiences affect prospective teachers’ learning about traumatic narratives.

    Abstract

    This article explores the intersection of history education and traumatic narratives, focusing on the impact of out-of-the-classroom learning experiences on the teaching of history during turbulent periods. Through a case study of history teacher training in contemporary Israel, it investigates how exposure to others’ troubled histories and past traumas outside the traditional classroom setting influences the personal, disciplinary, pedagogical and professional-educational development of prospective history educators. Drawing on qualitative analysis of reflection sheets and teaching materials generated by students during a course conducted in February 2024, the research focuses on field trip…

  5. Related Broader context
    Codespec: A Computer Programming Practice Environment
    C. Haynes-Magyar, Nathaniel James Haynes-Magyar · 2022 · International Computing Education Research Workshop · cited 6 times · Not summarized yet

    “Codespec” describes an interactive programming practice environment where learners choose tasks, rather than learning outside the classroom.

    Abstract

    Computing education researchers (CERs) theorize that learning how to program requires the development of at least four skills: code reading and tracing, code writing, pattern comprehension, and pattern application [see 30]. Developing these skills requires deliberate practice which involves engaging in tasks specifically designed to improve ones’ skills in a particular domain [11]. Web-based interactive programming practice environments such as CloudCoder [23], CodeChef [7], CodeLab [1], CodeWars [8], CodingBat[25], Edabit [19], and LeetCode [17] can be considered informal and/or open-ended learning environments (OELEs) that support deliberate practice—the learner decides what to learn and w…

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Updated on 11 November 2026.

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