Endothelial protein C receptor is an entry receptor for Langya virus
Authors: Y.-J. Park, J. Song, R. Gen, C. Stewart, S. Lee, D. Veesler
Abstract
Langya virus (LayV) was recently discovered in infected individuals with febrile illness and classified as a Parahenipavirus, a group of poorly understood pathogens. LayV is distantly related to Nipah henipavirus which causes recurring outbreaks with case fatality rates reaching up to 90%. No vaccines or therapeutics are approved for use in humans for any parahenipavirus or henipavirus despite their broad geographic distribution and pandemic potential. Here, we discovered that human endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) is an entry receptor for LayV and that the tetrameric LayV attachment glycoprotein (G) binds EPCR avidly. We reveal the molecular basis of LayV G recognition of the EPCR receptor and provide a blueprint of the determinants of receptor ortholog usage. We found that human and shrew EPCR orthologs promote cell entry of LayV and of the closely related Mojiang pseudoviruses. These results along with the detection of several Parahenipaviruses in shrews set these pathogens apart from Henipaviruses, which use Pteropid fruit bats as reservoir hosts. Our data support future surveillance efforts, by enabling prediction of EPCR utilization among newly discovered Parahenipaviruses, and the development and evaluation of countermeasures targeting this emerging group of human pathogens.
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Phosphatidylserine receptors are critical for lethal infection by Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virusJ. Berrigan, S. R. Monticelli, M. D. Ramirez et al. · 2026 · bioRxiv preprint · AI summary available
The study identifies phosphatidylserine receptors as entry factors for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, rather than EPCR as an entry receptor for Langya virus.
In short
AXL, TIM-1, and TIM-4 support CCHFV entry and disease; deleting two receptors protected mice in a lethal-challenge model.
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Nipah virus vector sequences in COVID-19 patient samples sequenced by the Wuhan Institute of VirologySteven C. Quay, Daoyu Zhang, Adrian Jones et al. · 2021 · Genomics · cited 5 times · AI summary available
The report examines Nipah virus sequences in patient samples, while the paper characterizes EPCR-mediated entry by the related Langya virus.
Abstract
We report the detection of Nipah virus in an infectious clone format, a BSL4-level pathogen and CDC-designated Bioterrorism Agent, in raw RNA-Seq sequencing reads deposited by the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) produced from five December 2019 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Research involving Nipah infectious clones has never been reported to have occured at the WIV. These patient samples have been previously reported to contain reads from several other viruses: Influenza A, Spodoptera frugiperda rhabdovirus and Nipah. Previous authors have interpreted the presence of these virus sequences as indicative of co-infections of the patients in question by these pathogens or laboratory cont…
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Increased adaptive immune responses and proper feedback regulation protect against clinical dengueEtienne Simon-Loriere, Veasna Duong, Ahmed Tawfik et al. · 2017 · Science Translational Medicine, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2017, 9 (405), pp.eaal5088 · cited 82 times · AI summary available
The study compares immune responses in dengue patients, rather than investigating viral entry receptors or Langya virus.
Abstract
Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease. Clinical symptoms of dengue virus (DENV) infection range from classical mild dengue fever to severe, life-threatening dengue shock syndrome. However, most DENV infections cause few or no symptoms. Asymptomatic DENV-infected patients provide a unique opportunity to decipher the host immune responses leading to virus elimination without negative impact on t v 'health. We used an integrated approach of transcriptional profiling and immunological analysis comparing a Cambodian population of strictly asymptomatic viremic individuals with clinical dengue patients. Whereas inflammatory pathways and innate immune responses were similar betw…
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Quantifying the Sensitivity of HIV-1 Viral Entry to Receptor and Coreceptor ExpressionBhaven Mistry, Maria R. D'Orsogna, Nicholas E. Webb et al. · 2018 · J. Phys. Chem. B, 2016, 120 (26), pp 6189-6199 · cited 5 times · AI summary available
The study quantifies how receptor and coreceptor expression affects HIV-1 entry, while the paper tests how EPCR orthologs support Langya virus entry.
Abstract
Infection by many viruses begins with fusion of viral and cellular lipid membranes, followed by entry of viral contents into the target cell and ultimately, after many biochemical steps, integration of viral DNA into that of the host cell. The early steps of membrane fusion and viral capsid entry are mediated by adsorption to the cell surface, and receptor and coreceptor binding. HIV-1 specifically targets CD4+ helper T-cells of the human immune system and binds to the receptor CD4 and coreceptor CCR5 before fusion is initiated. Previous experiments have been performed using a cell line (293-Affinofile) in which the expression of CD4 and CCR5 concentration were independently controlled. Afte…
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Network strategies to study Epstein-Barr virus associated carcinomas and potential etiological mechanisms for oncogenesisS. Chatterjee, B. S. Sanjeev · 2022 · Molecular Networks · AI summary available
The study uses disease-gene networks to examine Epstein-Barr virus-associated cancers, not receptor-mediated entry by Langya virus.
Abstract
Diseased conditions are a consequence of some abnormality that are associated with clinical conditions in numerous cells and tissues affecting various organs. The common role of EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) in causing infectious mononucleosis (IM) affecting B-cells and epithelial cells and the development of EBV-associated cancers has been an area of active research. Investigating such significant interactions may help discover new therapeutic targets for certain EBV-associated lymphoproliferative (Burkitt's Lymphoma and Hodgkin's Lymphoma) and non-lymphoproliferative diseases (Gastric cancer and Nasopharyngeal cancer). Based on the DisGeNET (v7.0) data set, we constructed a disease-gene network…
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A vagal-to-sympathetic reflex controls lung vascular leakE. Robinson, E. M. Ibanez, B. Santibanez Ocampo et al. · 2026 · bioRxiv preprint · AI summary available
The study identifies a neural reflex that drives lung vascular leak, rather than a viral entry receptor.
In short
The study identifies a Cysltr2-expressing vagal sensory pathway that drives lung vascular leak through brainstem relays and sympathetic output.
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Bayesian Comparison of Covid Origins HypothesesMichael B. Weissman · 2026 · Populations and Evolution · AI summary available
The study compares hypotheses about COVID-19 origins, rather than examining Langya virus receptor use.
Abstract
Applying standard Bayesian methods to the most reliably known unclassified facts about the Covid epidemic allows crude estimation of the odds for research-related vs. purely zoonotic origins. Here a broadly inclusive zoonotic hypothesis is compared with a rather specific subset of the research-related hypothesis defined by known prior work and grant proposals. The important observations are the type of virus, the city of the first outbreak, the lack of known prior hosts, the anomalous early pattern of evolution, and two specific features of the viral sequence. The resulting odds strongly favor research. The odds remain fairly strong under inclusion of uncertainties in prior odds.
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Phylogenomics of captured Cryptosporidium sequenced directly from patient samples identifies clade-specific genomic architecture and host-adapted lineagesEliza V.C. Alves‐Ferreira, A. Khan, M. D. Tettey et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications · AI summary available
The study develops a capture-sequencing method for Cryptosporidium from patient stool, not a viral entry-receptor analysis.
In short
A capture-sequencing method recovers Cryptosporidium genome-wide data directly from stool and identifies three C. ubiquitum lineages with distinct host associations.
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Updated on 9 November 2026.