Supernova forecast with strong lensing

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1. Apparenté Pas pertinent

   Effects of LESA in Three-Dimensional Supernova Simulations with Multi-Dimensional and Ray-by-Ray-plus Neutrino Transport

   Robert Glas, H. -Thomas Janka, Tobias Melson et al. · 2018 · Phénomènes astrophysiques de haute énergie · Résumé IA disponible

   Résumé scientifique

   A set of eight self-consistent, time-dependent supernova (SN) simulations in three spatial dimensions (3D) for 9 solar-mass and 20 solar-mass progenitors is evaluated for the presence of dipolar asymmetries of the electron lepton-number emission as discovered by Tamborra et al. and termed lepton-number emission self-sustained asymmetry (LESA). The simulations were performed with the Aenus-Alcar neutrino/hydrodynamics code, which treats the energy- and velocity-dependent transport of neutrinos of all flavors by a two-moment scheme with algebraic M1 closure. For each of the progenitors, results with fully multi-dimensional (FMD) neutrino transport and with ray-by-ray-plus (RbR+) approximation …

2. Apparenté Pas pertinent

   Multi-messenger prospects for black hole - neutron star mergers in the O4 and O5 runs

   Alberto Colombo, Raphaël Duqué, Om Sharan Salafia et al. · 2023 · Phénomènes astrophysiques de haute énergie · Résumé IA disponible

   Résumé scientifique

   The existence of merging black hole-neutron star (BHNS) binaries has been ascertained through the observation of their gravitational wave (GW) signals. However, to date, no definitive electromagnetic (EM) emission has been confidently associated with these mergers. Such an association could help unravel crucial information on these systems, for example, their BH spin distribution, the equation of state (EoS) of NS and the rate of heavy element production. We model the multi-messenger (MM) emission from BHNS mergers detectable during the fourth (O4) and fifth (O5) observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA GW detector network, in order to provide detailed predictions that can help enhance the eff…

3. Apparenté Pas pertinent

   Detection of Low-Redshift Excess in Supernova-Linked Gamma-Ray Bursts

   Qin-Mei Li, Qi-Bin Sun, Sheng-Bang Qian et al. · 2025 · Phénomènes astrophysiques de haute énergie · Résumé IA disponible

   Résumé scientifique

   Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are traditionally classified into long (lGRBs) and short (sGRBs) durations based on their $T_{90}$, with lGRBs widely used as tracers of the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) due to their observed association with core-collapse supernovae. However, recent detections of kilonovae accompanying some lGRBs challenge this assumption, suggesting potential contamination from compact binary mergers. Here, we move beyond the conventional $T_{90}$-based classification and focus exclusively on GRBs directly associated with supernovae - the most direct signatures of massive stellar collapse - to reassess their connection to the SFR. Using a sample of SN/GRBs, we construct the lumi…

4. Apparenté Pas pertinent

   Measuring Black Hole Light Echoes with Very Long Baseline Interferometry

   George N. Wong, Lia Medeiros, Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño et al. · 2024 · Phénomènes astrophysiques de haute énergie · Résumé IA disponible

   Résumé scientifique

   Light passing near a black hole can follow multiple paths from an emission source to an observer due to strong gravitational lensing. Photons following different paths take different amounts of time to reach the observer, which produces an echo signature in the image. The characteristic echo delay is determined primarily by the mass of the black hole, but it is also influenced by the black hole spin and inclination to the observer. In the Kerr geometry, echo images are demagnified, rotated, and sheared copies of the direct image and lie within a restricted region of the image. Echo images have exponentially suppressed flux, and temporal correlations within the flow make it challenging to dir…

5. Apparenté Pas pertinent

   Dust grains from the heart of supernovae

   M. Bocchio, S. Marassi, R. Schneider et al. · 2016 · Phénomènes astrophysiques de haute énergie · Résumé IA disponible

   Résumé scientifique

   Dust grains are classically thought to form in the winds of AGB stars. However, nowadays there is increasing evidence for dust formation in SNe. In order to establish the relative importance of these two classes of stellar sources of dust it is important to know what is the fraction of freshly formed dust in SN ejecta that is able to survive the passage of the reverse shock and be injected in the interstellar medium. With this aim, we have developed a new code, GRASH_Rev, that allows to follow the dynamics of dust grains in the shocked SN ejecta and to compute the time evolution of the mass, composition and size distribution of the grains. We consider four well studied SNe in the Milky Way a…

6. Apparenté Pas pertinent

   A Collapsar-Disk Origin for GW190814

   Vishal Baibhav, Brian D. Metzger, Lam Hui · 2026 · Phénomènes astrophysiques de haute énergie · Résumé IA disponible

   Résumé scientifique

   GW190814 was a remarkable gravitational-wave (GW) event: a merger between a 23 solar-mass black hole (BH) and a 2.6 solar-mass compact object, with an extreme mass ratio that is difficult to reproduce through standard isolated-binary or dynamical formation channels. Recent work has shown that neutrino-cooled collapsar disks can become gravitationally unstable and fragment, producing neutron stars (NSs) or low-mass BHs in orbit around the newly formed central BH. These fragments may subsequently interact, scatter, merge with one another, or inspiral into the central remnant. We propose that GW190814 originated from such a collapsar-disk fragment merging with the central BH. A key prediction o…

7. Apparenté Pas pertinent

   Superheavy Elements in Kilonovae

   Erika M. Holmbeck, Jennifer Barnes, Kelsey A. Lund et al. · 2023 · Phénomènes astrophysiques de haute énergie · Résumé IA disponible

   Résumé scientifique

   As LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA enters its fourth observing run, a new opportunity to search for electromagnetic counterparts of compact object mergers will also begin. The light curves and spectra from the first "kilonova" associated with a binary neutron star binary (NSM) suggests that these sites are hosts of the rapid neutron capture ("$r$") process. However, it is unknown just how robust elemental production can be in mergers. Identifying signposts of the production of particular nuclei is critical for fully understanding merger-driven heavy-element synthesis. In this study, we investigate the properties of very neutron rich nuclei for which superheavy elements ($Z\geq 104$) can be produced in NSMs…

8. Apparenté Pas pertinent

   How to turn a Supernova into a PeVatron

   Robert Brose, Iurii Sushch, Jonathan Mackey · 2025 · Phénomènes astrophysiques de haute énergie · Résumé IA disponible

   Résumé scientifique

   Context. It is important to determine which Galactic cosmic-ray sources can accelerate particles to the knee of the cosmic ray spectrum at a few PeV, and in particular whether supernova remnants may contribute. Current models for particle acceleration in very young remnants assume the circumstellar material consists of smooth, freely expanding winds. There is strong evidence that some supernovae expand into much denser circumstellar material including dense shells ejected by eruptions shortly before explosion. Aims. We investigate the effects of dense circumstellar shells on particle acceleration in supernova shocks during the first few years post-explosion, to quantify whether such interact…