A New Precise Measurement of the $e^+e^-\toπ^+π^-(γ)$ Cross Section with the Initial-State Radiation Method at BaBar

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1. Very close Same question Cited by this paper Used in depth by this paper Not relevant

   Measurement of the e+e− → π+π− Cross Section between 600 and 900 MeV Using Initial State Radiation

   M. Ablikim, M. Achasov, X.-C. Ai et al. · 2015 · cited 244 times · Not summarized yet

   The BESIII study measures the same pion-pair cross section with ISR and evaluates its contribution to the muon’s hadronic vacuum polarization.

   Abstract

   We extract the e+e− → π+π− cross section in the energy range between 600 and 900 MeV, exploiting the method of initial state radiation. A data set with an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 taken at a centerof-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider is used. The cross section is measured with a systematic uncertainty of 0.9%. We extract the pion form factor |Fπ| as well as the contribution of the measured cross section to the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to (g − 2)μ. We find this value to be a μ (600 − 900 MeV) = (368.2 ± 2.5stat ± 3.3sys) · 10−10, which is between the corresponding values using the BaBar or KLOE data.

2. Very close Same question Cited by this paper Not relevant

   Precision measurement of the hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment

   T. Xiao, S. Dobbs, A. Tomaradze et al. · 2017 · Physical Review D · cited 23 times · Not summarized yet

   The CLEO-c study measures the pion-pair cross section with ISR and determines its leading-order hadronic contribution to the muon anomaly.

   Abstract

   We report on a precision measurement of the cross section for the reaction $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-$ in the mass range $0.30<M_{\pi\pi}<1.00$ GeV with the initial state radiation (ISR) method, using 817 pb$^{-1}$ of data at $e^+e^-$ center-of-mass energies near 3.77 GeV and 586 pb$^{-1}$ of data at $e^+e^-$ center-of-mass energies near 4.17 GeV, collected with the CLEO-c detector at the CESR $e^+e^-$ collider at Cornell University. The integrated cross sections in the range $0.30<M_{\pi\pi}<1.00$ GeV for the process $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-$ are determined with a statistical uncertainty of $0.7\%$ and a systematic uncertainty of $1.5\%$. The leading-order hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous …

3. Close Broader context Not relevant

   Measurement of the cross sections for $e^{+}e^{-}\to p\bar{n}\pi^{-}$ at center of mass energies from 3.510 to 4.946 GeV

   Besiii Collaboration M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson et al. · 2026 · Not summarized yet

   The BESIII study measures proton-antineutron-pion production at higher collision energies, rather than the low-energy pion-pair cross section.

   Abstract

   Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 43.8~fb$^{-1}$ collected with the \mbox{BESIII} detector at 44 center-of-mass energy points between 3.510 and 4.946~GeV, the Born cross sections for the process $e^+e^- \to p \bar{n} \pi^-$ and its charge-conjugated process are measured. The energy dependence of the dressed cross sections is investigated to search for possible contributions from vector charmonium and charmonium-like states. No evidence for contributions from the $\psi(3770)$, $Y(4230)$, $Y(4360)$, $\psi(4415)$, $Y(4500)$, or $Y(4710)$ resonances is observed. The upper limits at the 90\% confidence level are determined for the products of the electronic partial …

4. Close Broader context Not relevant

   Measurement of Born cross sections of $e^+e^-\to pK^{-}\bar\Sigma^{0}$ + c.c. at $\sqrt{s}$ = 3.5-4.9 GeV and partial wave analysis at $\sqrt{s}$ = 3.773 GeV

   Besiii Collaboration M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson et al. · 2026 · Not summarized yet

   The BESIII study measures a proton-kaon-antihyperon final state at higher collision energies, unlike the pion-pair cross section studied here.

   Abstract

   Using $e^+e^-$ collision data collected by the BESIII detector at BEPCII corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 44.6 $\rm fb^{-1}$, we present the first measurement of the Born cross sections for the process $e^+e^-\to pK^{-}\bar{\Sigma}^{0}$ + c.c. at fifty-six center-of-mass energies between 3.51 and 4.95~GeV. By fitting the dressed cross sections of $e^+e^-\to pK^{-}\bar{\Sigma}^{0}$ + c.c. with the assumption of a power-law function plus a charmonium(-like) resonance, i.e., $\psi(3770)$, $\psi(4040)$, $\psi(4160)$, $Y(4230)$, $Y(4360)$, $\psi(4415)$, $\psi(4500)$, $Y(4660)$ or $\psi(4710)$, no significant charmonium(-like) state decaying into $pK^{-}\bar{\Sigma}^{0}$ + c.c. is…

5. Close Broader context Not relevant

   Search for $e^{+}e^{-} \to \pi^0 K^+K^-J/\psi$ at $\sqrt{s}= 4.26 \sim$ 4.95 GeV

   Besiii Collaboration M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson et al. · 2026 · Not summarized yet

   The BESIII study searches for a pion-kaon-kaon-J/ψ final state at higher energies, not the two-pion channel used for HVP.

   Abstract

   Using $e^+e^-$ collision data collected with the BESIII detector at 27 center-of-mass energies between 4.26 and 4.95 GeV corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of $13.0~\text{fb}^{-1}$, we report the first search for the process $e^{+}e^{-} \to \pi^0 K^+K^-J/\psi$. We additionally probe the cross section spectra for potential charmonium-like vector states and invariant mass distributions for intermediate $Z_c/Z_{cs}$ state signals, and find no resonant structures consistent with these exotic candidates. Given the absence of observed resonant signals, upper limits at the 90\% confidence level are determined for the Born cross sections, along with their best-fit values, as well as for …

6. Close Broader context Not relevant

   Probing the nucleon axial form factor via the $\vec{e}^{\,+} + {}^2\text{H} \rightarrow \bar{\nu}_e + p + p$ reaction below the pion-production threshold

   A. Ankowski, J. Golak, E. D. Del Río et al. · 2026 · Not summarized yet

   The study predicts polarized positron capture on deuterium to probe the nucleon axial form factor, not an electron-positron hadronic cross section.

   Abstract

   The nucleon axial form factor $F_A(Q^2)$ is a primary source of systematic uncertainty in charged-current quasielastic interactions, of critical importance for long-baseline neutrino-oscillation studies. Its low-$Q^2$ behavior is particularly problematic to pin down in neutrino measurements. To address this limitation, we investigate the weak process of polarized positron capture on the deuteron, $\vec{e}^{\,+} + {}^2\text{H} \rightarrow \bar{\nu}_e + p + p$. Employing a relativistic momentum-space formalism, we present predictions for the total cross section. Focusing on the kinematic regime free from pion-production backgrounds, we analyze various differential cross sections and their sens…

7. Close Review Cited by this paper Not relevant

   Review of hadronic vacuum polarization calculations via $e^+e^-$ measurements

   Zhi-Qing Zhang · 2026 · cited 3 times · Not summarized yet

   The review surveys how electron-positron hadronic cross sections enter HVP calculations of the muon anomaly.

   Abstract

   The discrepancy on the muon anomalous magnetic moment values obtained via a direct measurement and via a data-driven theory determination that uses the experimentally measured hadronic cross section, is among the long standing and most significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions. The recently presented final result of the direct measurement performed at the experiment at Fermilab, with an impressive accuracy of 127 parts-per-billion, further stresses the need for a theory estimate of comparable accuracy. The $e^+e^-$ hadronic cross section is the experimental input to the dispersive integral for the calculation of the hadronic contribution to the $g-2$, which is largely domina…

8. Close Broader context Not relevant

   Measurement of the cross sections of $e^+e^-\to K_{S}^{0}\bar\Xi^{0}\Lambda/\Sigma^{0} + \text{c.c.}$ at center-of-mass energies between 3.510 and 4.951 GeV

   Besiii Collaboration M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson et al. · 2026 · Not summarized yet

   The BESIII study measures strange-baryon final states at higher collision energies, rather than the low-energy two-pion channel.

   Abstract

   Using $e^+e^-$ collision data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII at center-of-mass energies between 3.510 and 4.951 GeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 44.55 fb$^{-1}$, the Born cross sections of the processes $e^+e^- \to K_S^0 \bar{\Xi}^0 \Lambda/\Sigma^0+\text{c.c.}$ are measured with a partial-reconstruction strategy. The dressed cross sections for the channels $e^+e^- \to K_S^0 \bar{\Xi}^0 \Lambda/\Sigma^0 + \text{c.c.}$ are fitted with a model consisting of a power-law function and a charmonium (-like) resonance, considering the candidates $\psi(3770)$, $\psi(4040)$, $\psi(4160)$, $Y(4230)$, $Y(4360)$, $\psi(4415)$, $Y(4500)$, $Y(4660)$, and $Y(4710)$.…

Prior work it builds on

1. Related Groundwork for this paper Not relevant

   Complete QED NLO contributions to the reaction e+e− → μ+μ−γ and their implementation in the event generator PHOKHARA

   F. Campanario, H. Czyż, J. Gluza et al. · 2013 · Journal of High Energy Physics · cited 19 times · Not summarized yet

   The PHOKHARA study calculates NLO corrections to muon-pair ISR production, relevant to the muon channel used to normalize this measurement.

   Abstract

   A bstractKLOE and Babar have an observed discrepancy of 2% to 5% in the invariant pion pair production cross section. These measurements are based on approximate NLO μ+μ−γ cross section predictions of the Monte Carlo event generator PHOKHARA7.0. In this article, the complete NLO radiative corrections to μ+μ−γ production are calculated and implemented in the Monte Carlo event generator PHOKHARA9.0. Numerical reliability is guaranteed by two independent approaches to the real and the virtual corrections. The novel features include the contribution of pentagon diagrams in the virtual corrections, which form a gauge-invariant set when combined with their box diagram partners. They may contribute…

2. Related Broader context Not relevant

   The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the Standard Model: an update

   R. Aliberti, T. Aoyama, E. Balzani et al. · 2025 · Physics reports · cited 173 times · Not summarized yet

   The Standard Model update reviews muon-anomaly contributions, including HVP, which this paper constrains using the two-pion cross section.

   Abstract

   We present the current Standard Model (SM) prediction for the muon anomalous magnetic moment, $a_\mu$, updating the first White Paper (WP20) [1]. The pure QED and electroweak contributions have been further consolidated, while hadronic contributions continue to be responsible for the bulk of the uncertainty of the SM prediction. Significant progress has been achieved in the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution using both the data-driven dispersive approach as well as lattice-QCD calculations, leading to a reduction of the uncertainty by almost a factor of two. The most important development since WP20 is the change in the estimate of the leading-order hadronic-vacuum-polarization …

3. Related Broader context Not relevant

   Hybrid calculation of hadronic vacuum polarization in muon g − 2 to 0.48%

   A. Boccaletti, S. Borsanyi, A. Cotellucci et al. · 2024 · Nature · cited 90 times · Not summarized yet

   The hybrid calculation determines total HVP for muon g−2, while this measurement supplies experimental two-pion cross-section input.

   Abstract

   For 50 years, the standard model of particle physics has been very successful in describing subatomic phenomena. In the past quarter of a century, this was challenged by a mismatch between its predictions and precision measurements of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, aμ. This disagreement was eventually reconciled, first through a determination in an ab initio lattice calculation1 of the most uncertain theoretical contribution, the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarization (LO-HVP), aμLO-HVP\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\odd…

4. Related* Broader context Not relevant

   SUGGESTED BOSON - LEPTON PAIR COUPLINGS AND THE ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC MOMENT OF THE MUON

   S. Brodsky, E. de Rafael · 1968 · Physical Review · cited 150 times · Not summarized yet

   The paper addresses suggested boson-lepton couplings and the muon anomaly, rather than measuring the two-pion cross section.

5. Related Groundwork for this paper Not relevant

   An iterative, dynamically stabilized method of data unfolding

   B. Malaescu · 2009 · cited 45 times · Not summarized yet

   The unfolding paper develops a stabilized method for correcting detector effects in spectra, a step used in this cross-section analysis.

   Abstract

   We propose a new iterative unfolding method for experimental data, making use of a regularization function. The use of this function allows one to build an improved normalization procedure for Monte Carlo spectra, unbiased by the presence of possible new structures in data. We are able to unfold, in a dynamically stable way, data spectra which can be strongly affected by fluctuations in the background subtraction and simultaneously reconstruct structures which were not initially simulated. This method also allows one to control the amount of correlations introduced between the bins of the unfolded spectrum, when the transfers of events correcting the systematic detector effects are performed…