Where should we look for the deviation from quantum mechanics?
Authors: Jerome Nicolas, Albert Schwarz
Abstract
We argue that the experimental measurement of the lifetime and decay law of metastable helium is a promising way to find a deviation from quantum mechanics. We analyze the decay of the metastable state for a quartic deformation of quantum mechanics. We find that the absolute change of the mean lifetime can be significant even if the modification is small. We show that, in the Wigner--Weisskopf approximation, the deviation from the exponential law in the modified theory can occur on time scales comparable with the lifetime.
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Metastable helium: a new determination of the longest atomic excited-state lifetime.S. Hodgman, R. Dall, L. Byron et al. · 2009 · Physical Review Letters · Not summarized yet
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Finite Quantum Engineering ThermodynamicsB. Ahmadi · 2026 · Not summarized yet
Abstract
A useful thermodynamic model predicts what a device will do without tracking its full microscopic state. For a finite quantum working medium, the difficult question is which quantities should actually be measured. We develop a task-based method that keeps exact energy accounting separate from calibrated macroscopic prediction. Operator geometry identifies what a measured record determines and bounds what remains uncertain. We then compare direct measurements of dynamical observables with earlier measurements of the same coarse record, selecting the representation together with its measurement cost. A Bose--Hubbard example yields a compact response table tested over a continuous operating reg…
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Large deviation full counting statistics in adiabatic open quantum dynamicsPaulo J. Paulino, Igor Lesanovsky, Federico Carollo · 2024 · Statistical Mechanics · AI summary available
Abstract
The state of an open quantum system undergoing an adiabatic process evolves by following the instantaneous stationary state of its time-dependent generator. This observation allows one to characterize, for a generic adiabatic evolution, the average dynamics of the open system. However, information about fluctuations of dynamical observables, such as the number of photons emitted or the time-integrated stochastic entropy production in single experimental runs, requires controlling the whole spectrum of the generator and not only the stationary state. Here, we show how such information can be obtained in adiabatic open quantum dynamics by exploiting tools from large deviation theory. We prove …
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Certain Quantum States Already Require Quantum Time EvolutionJoel Huber, M. Kleinmann · 2026 · Not summarized yet
Abstract
Model-independent tests of quantum theory, such as Bell inequality violations, focus on static properties of the theory and do not rely on its dynamical aspects. Hence, this core part of quantum theory remains largely untested in a model-independent way. We show that the structure of quantum time evolution can be examined by testing the consistency between the state space and the dynamical laws. Considering a class of generalized phase-space theories, we find that certain quantum states can only be part of a theory if the time evolution is quantum: their evolution in anharmonic potentials would otherwise result in unphysical, negative marginal distributions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that …
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Irreversibility and Quantum MeasurementJ. Gea-Banacloche · 2026 · Entropy · Not summarized yet
Abstract
The role played by irreversible processes, at the microscopic scale, in several examples of quantum measurements is studied within a “minimally realist” interpretation of the quantum formalism introduced in a recent publication. The analysis extends and confirms the basic results of the earlier work: separation of the collapse and amplification phases of the measurement, and decoherence and collapse happening already as a consequence of irreversible microscopic processes at the level of the “probe” itself (typically an atom in the examples considered). Additionally, the proposed interpretation of the formalism is shown to be consistent with previous interpretations, and a case for true irrev…
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Can we make sense out of negative kinetic energy?Alessio Maiezza, F. Nesti · 2026 · Not summarized yet
Abstract
Many Quantum Field Theory models, either designed to improve the ultraviolet behavior via higher derivative terms or aimed at providing unified descriptions of Gravity, inevitably introduce negative-energy'ghosts'states. These states raise fundamental questions regarding the stability of the theory. In this study, we investigate the time evolution of simplified quantum mechanical models consisting of two coupled normal and ghost subsystems. Although the full spectrum of these models is unbounded from below and, therefore, lacks a true ground state, we focus the time evolution of a'would-be ground state': a zero-energy eigenstate of the decoupled system. By analyzing its metastability under i…
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Forbidden transitions in the helium atomG. Lach, K. Pachucki · 2001 · Physical Review A · Not summarized yet
Abstract
Nonrelativistically forbidden, single-photon transition rates between low-lying states of the helium atom are rigorously derived within quantum electrodynamics theory. Equivalence of velocity and length gauges, including relativistic corrections is explicitly demonstrated. Numerical calculations of matrix elements are performed with the use of high-precision variational wave functions and compared to former results.
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Measure for the Non-Markovianity of Quantum ProcessesHeinz-Peter Breuer, Elsi-Mari Laine, Jyrki Piilo · 2009 · Quantum Physics · AI summary available
Abstract
We construct a general measure for the degree of non-Markovian behavior in open quantum systems. This measure is based on the trace distance which quantifies the distinguishability of quantum states. It represents a functional of the dynamical map describing the time evolution of physical states, and can be interpreted in terms of the information flow between the open system and its environment. The measure takes on nonzero values whenever there is a flow of information from the environment back to the open system, which is the key feature of non-Markovian dynamics.
Prior work it builds on
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Quantum theory from classical mechanics near equilibriumAlbert Schwarz · 2025 · Letters in Mathematical Physics · Not summarized yet
Abstract
We consider classical theories described by Hamiltonians H(p, q) that have a non-degenerate minimum at the point where generalized momenta p and generalized coordinates q vanish. We assume that the sum of squares of generalized momenta and generalized coordinates is an integral of motion. In this situation, in the neighborhood of the point p=0,q=0\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$p=0, q=0$$\end{document}, the quadratic part of a Hamiltonian plays a dominant role. We suppose that a classical observer…
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Test of the linearity of quantum mechanics by rf spectroscopy of the 9Be+ ground state.J. J. Bollinger, D. J. Heinzen, W. Itano et al. · 1989 · Physical Review Letters · Not summarized yet
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Test of the linearity of quantum mechanics in an atomic system with a hydrogen maser.R. Walsworth, I. Silvera, E. Mattison et al. · 1990 · Physical Review Letters · Not summarized yet
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Coherence in freely precessing 21Ne and a test of linearity of quantum mechanics.T. Chupp, R. J. Hoare · 1990 · Physical Review Letters · Not summarized yet
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Geometric and algebraic approaches to quantum theoryA. Schwarz · 2021 · Nuclear Physics B · Not summarized yet
Abstract
We show how to formulate quantum theory taking as a starting point the set of states (geometric approach). We give the equations of motion and the formulas for probabilities of physical quantities in this approach. A heuristic proof of decoherence in our setting is used to justify the formulas for probabilities. The geometric approach can be used to formulate quantum theory in terms of Jordan algebras, generalizing the algebraic approach to quantum theory. The scattering theory can be formulated in geometric approach.
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Updated on 31 October 2026.