Can Blue UV-Bright Galaxies Drive Reionization at Cosmic Dawn? An $M_{\rm UV}=-19.6$ Galaxy with $f_{\rm esc}\approx0.85$ at $z=9.244$

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   New insight on the nature of cosmic reionizers from the CEERS survey

   S. Mascia, L. Pentericci, A. Calabrò et al. · 2023 · Astrophysics of Galaxies · AI summary available

   Abstract

   The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) began when galaxies grew in abundance and luminosity, so their escaping Lyman continuum (LyC) radiation started ionizing the surrounding neutral intergalactic medium (IGM). Despite significant recent progress, the nature and role of cosmic reionizers are still unclear: in order to define them, it would be necessary to directly measure their LyC escape fraction ($f_{esc}$). However, this is impossible during the EoR due to the opacity of the IGM. Consequently, many efforts at low and intermediate redshift have been made to determine measurable indirect indicators in high-redshift galaxies so that their $f_{esc}$ can be predicted. This work presents the analysis…

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   The role of galaxies and AGN in reionising the IGM -- III : IGM-galaxy cross-correlations at z~6 from 8 quasar fields with DEIMOS and MUSE

   Romain A. Meyer, Koki Kakiichi, Sarah E. I. Bosman et al. · 2019 · Astrophysics of Galaxies · AI summary available

   Abstract

   We present improved results of the measurement of the correlation between galaxies and the intergalactic medium (IGM) transmission at the end of reionisation. We have gathered a sample of $13$ spectroscopically confirmed Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) and $21$ Lyman-$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs) at angular separations $20'' \lesssim \theta \lesssim 10'$ ($\sim 0.1-4$ pMpc at $z\sim 6$) from the sightlines to $8$ background $z\gtrsim 6$ quasars. We report for the first time the detection of an excess of Lyman-$\alpha$ transmission spikes at $\sim 10-60$ cMpc from LAEs ($3.6\sigma$) and LBGs ($3.1\sigma$). We interpret the data with an improved model of the galaxy-Lyman-$\alpha$ transmission and two-p…

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   Evolution of the Lyman-α emitting fraction and UV properties of lensed star-forming galaxies between 2.9 < z < 6.7

   Ilias Goovaerts, Roser Pello, Tran Thi Thai et al. · 2023 · Astrophysics of Galaxies · AI summary available

   Abstract

   Faint galaxies are theorised to have played a major role in reionising the Universe. Their properties as well as the Lyman-{\alpha} emitter fraction, could provide useful insight into this epoch. We use four galaxy clusters from the Lensed Lyman-alpha MUSE Arcs Sample (LLAMAS) which also have deep HST photometry to select a population of intrinsically faint Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) and Lyman-alpha Emitters (LAEs). We study the interrelation of these two populations, their properties, and the fraction of LBGs that display Lyman-alpha emission. The use of lensing clusters allows us to access an intrinsically faint population, the largest sample collected for this purpose: 263 LAEs and 972 L…

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   The Role of Galaxies and AGN in Reionising the IGM - I: Keck Spectroscopy of 5 < z < 7 Galaxies in the QSO Field J1148+5251

   Koki Kakiichi, Richard S. Ellis, Nicolas Laporte et al. · 2018 · Astrophysics of Galaxies · AI summary available

   Abstract

   We introduce a new method for determining the influence of galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGN) on the physical state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at high redshift and illustrate its potential via a first application to the field of the $z=6.42$ QSO J1148+5251. By correlating the spatial positions of spectroscopically-confirmed Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) with fluctuations in the Lyman alpha forest seen in the high signal-to-noise spectrum of a background QSO, we provide a statistical measure of the typical escape fraction of Lyman continuum photons close to the end of cosmic reionisation. Here we use Keck DEIMOS spectroscopy to locate 7 colour-selected LBGs in the redshift range $…

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   IRAC-Excess Galaxies in the NIRSpec Wide Survey: physical properties of bright EELGs at $z\sim7$ and implications for Reionization

   K. Ormerod, R. Smit, J. Witstok et al. · 2026 · Not summarized yet

   Abstract

   We present an analysis of 23 Spitzer/IRAC excess galaxies at $5.66<z<7.64$, observed as part of the NIRSpec Wide GTO survey. With NIRSpec PRISM spectroscopy, we measure a median rest-frame [OIII]$+\rm{H}\beta$ EW $=1583$~{\AA}, consistent with predictions from the pre-JWST selection and we identify $17/23$ $(\sim74\%)$ of our sample as extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs), based on a selection of [OIII]$+\rm{H}\beta$ EW $\geq1000$~{\AA}. The typical EELG is powered by star-formation rather than active galactic nuclei (AGN) based on their line widths, line ratios and absence of high-ionization lines, though we cannot exclude an AGN contribution in a few individual sources. We find that our …

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   UNCOVER: A NIRSpec Census of Lensed Galaxies at z=8.50-13.08 Probing a High AGN Fraction and Ionized Bubbles in the Shadow

   Seiji Fujimoto, Bingjie Wang, John Weaver et al. · 2023 · Astrophysics of Galaxies · AI summary available

   Abstract

   We present JWST NIRSpec prism spectroscopy of gravitationally lensed galaxies at $z\gtrsim9$ found behind the massive galaxy cluster Abell 2744 in the UNCOVER Cycle 1 Treasury Program. We confirm the source redshift via emission lines and/or the Ly$\alpha$ break feature for ten galaxies at z=8.50-13.08 down to $M_{\rm UV}=-17.3$. We achieve a high confirmation rate of 100\% for $z>9$ candidates reported in Atek et al. (2023). Using six sources with multiple emission line detections, we find that the offset of the redshift estimates between the lines and the Ly$\alpha$ break alone with prism can be as large as $\pm0.2$, raising caution in designing future follow-up spectroscopy for the break-…

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   PRISMS. GHZ1. A standard tale of galaxy evolution with atypical ionizing conditions at $z=9.878$

   B. P'erez-D'iaz, M. Castellano, J. Álvarez-Márquez et al. · 2026 · Not summarized yet

   Abstract

   [Abridged] The first operating years of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have revealed a surprising number of $z \gtrsim 10$ UV-bright objects, many of them characterized by their compactness, anomalous chemical abundance patterns and complex ISM physics (e.g. N-enhanced systems). To assess whether these objects are a phase of early galaxy evolution or a peculiar population, it is essential to understand the physics of systems without anomalous abundance patterns in this epoch. We present a detailed analysis of GHZ1 ($z=9.878$), a moderately ($\mu = 1.715$) lensed UV-bright ($M_{UV} = -20.07$) galaxy in the Abell2744 field, characterized by an extended size ($R_{e} \sim 410$ pc). These …

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   Dead or Alive? How Bursty Star Formation and Patchy Dust Can Cause Temporary Quiescence in High Redshift Galaxies

   A. L. Faisst, T. Morishita · 2024 · Astrophysics of Galaxies · AI summary available

   Abstract

   The recent discovery of a galaxy at z=7.3 with undetected optical emission lines and a blue UV to optical continuum ratio in JWST spectroscopy is surprising and needs to be explained physically. Here, we explore two possibilities that could cause such a seemingly quiescent 5e8 Msun galaxy in the early Universe: (i) stochastic variations in the star formation history (SFH) and (ii) the effect of spatially varying dust attenuation on the measured line and continuum emission properties. Both scenarios can play at the same time to amplify the effect. A stochastic star formation model (similar to realistic SFHs from hydrodynamical simulations of similar-mass galaxies) can create such observed pro…