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Introduction to the Special Issue on Emerging Artificial Intelligence Technologies and Applications
Wenfeng Zheng (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Arizona), Chao Liu (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Arizona), Lirong Yin (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Arizona)
Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved at an unprecedented pace in recent years.This rapid advancement includes algorithmic breakthroughs, cross-disciplinary integration, and diverse applications-driven by growing computational power, massive datasets, and collaborative global research.This special issue of Emerging Artificial Intelligence Technologies and Applications was conceived to provide a platform for cuttingedge AI research communication, developing novel methodologies, cross-domain applications, and critical advancements in addressing real-world challenges.Over the past months, we have witnessed a remarkable diversity of submissions, reflecting the global trend of AI innovation.Below, we synthesize the key insights from these works, highlighting their collective contribution to advancing AI's theoretical frontiers and practical applications.Natural Language Processing remains a cornerstone of AI progress, and this special issue features works that push the boundaries of language understanding.Fati et al. [1] confront the oversimplification of cyberbullying detection, which often reduces the task to binary classification.Their hybrid framework combines TF-IDF, Word2Vec, and BERT to identify nuanced categories like passive-aggressive remarks.Testing on 47,000 annotated social media posts, this framework advances efforts to combat online harm with greater precision.Mahdi et al. [2] extend this focus to Arabic, a language underrepresented in NLP research despite its global reach.They adapt BERT to recognize the unique nuances of Arabic social media communication, including dialects and informal language, and achieve robust performance on a diverse dataset of tweets.Kim et al. [3] turn to the urgent issue of online grooming, particularly targeting children on social networks.Their approach combines NLP and OCR to analyze both text and images, overcoming limitations of English-centric models by accounting for Korean SNS linguistic features.Efficiency is a recurring challenge in NLP, especially for large models like BERT.Rahman et al. [4] tackle this by testing 20 combinations of knowledge distillation, pruning, and quantization to compress BERT for Bengali emotion classification.Their findings-showing that compressed models retain acceptable accuracy while reducing size by up to 4x-make advanced NLP accessible for Bengali, the sixth most spoken language globally.Similarly, Yin et al. [5] introduce DPAL-BERT, a faster and lighter question-answering model that uses knowledge distillation to reduce inference time without sacrificing performance.By training student models on teacher model PAL-BERT, this work addresses the computational burden of large language models, making them feasible for real-time applications.Alomari's comprehensive review [6] examines ChatGPT's usage across NLP tasks-from named entity recognition to sentiment analysis.The review identifies strengths and limitations, offering a roadmap for LLMs' responsibility in research and industry.