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“Like a double-edged sword”: How ADHD and non-ADHD people perceive ADHD emotions
Sara Mae, Fay Sweeting, Emily Arden-Close, Rachel L Moseley-Braund
Abstract: Differences in emotion-related processes and experiences impact ADHD people’s wellbeing, but have historically been framed through a deficit-based lens, without sufficient recognition of interpersonal and environmental influences. We explored positive and challenging aspects of ADHD emotions, how these emotions were perceived by others and their impacts on relationships, eliciting perspectives from 15 ADHD people and 15 non-ADHD people (with ADHD loved ones) through semi-structured interviews and the Grid Elaboration Method respectively. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis and Reflexive Thematic Analysis respectively. Both groups reported that ADHD emotions co-existed as disabling and sustaining, strength and weakness. Societal pressures appeared to shape both how ADHD people experienced and expressed their emotions, which added to dysregulation; and how they were perceived by non-ADHD people, contributing to frustration. Emotion-related differences in ADHD impact the lives of ADHD and non-ADHD people, and are influenced by societal and systemic inequalities, though the extent to which this is the case is not yet fully understood.