Running summarizing tools on a new article
Check the paper below, then start its synthesis.
Open Address in the Romances
Janet Hill
Abstract: In this chapter, I look first at how Shakespeare may first have encountered open address in plays put on in Stratford upon Avon.In Shakespeare's early years, his father John was a man of some stature in Stratford.A glover and leather worker by trade in a town that was the "the acknowledged centre of the gloving trade" (Thomson, 9), John Shakespeare held important civic offices including constable, chamberlain, and bailiff.As Stratford's bailiff, he was one of the few officials entitled to grant licenses to travelling players (Clark, 3).In this capacity, John Shakespeare was among those civic officials who brought companies of players to Stratford and who hosted "two of the most prominent contemporary acting companies, the Queen's Men at the Guild Hall in the early summer of 1569 and Worcester's Men in August of the same year" (Thomson, 10).Perhaps, as Thomson observes, even if "[John Shakespeare's] son was too young then" to see these players, "he was old enough to watch Leicester's Men in 1573 or Warwick's Men in 1575" (10).Less than twenty miles from Stratford, on the road leading through Kenilworth and Warwick, lies Coventry, then as now a cathedral city and at that time a prosperous commercial centre.Coventry's civic records show the city's guilds heavily involved in a particularly lavish annual play.It would be curious if guild business, civic or religious duties, or even an interest in drama, had not at times taken John Shakespeare to Coventry, possibly accompanied by his young son.Coventry guild play performances took place on wagons that moved through the city (Twycross, 21).However, civic records and the two surviving texts, the shearmen and taylors' Nativity episode and the drapers' Last Judgment, indicate that