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Intricate Knots in Proteins: Function and Evolution
Peter Virnau (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Leonid A. Mirny (Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Mehran Kardar A (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Abstract: Our investigation of knotted structures in the Protein Data Bank reveals the most complicated knot discovered to date. We suggest that the occurrence of this knot in a human ubiquitin hydrolase might be related to the role of the enzyme in protein degradation. While knots are usually preserved among homologues, we also identify an exception in a transcarbamylase. This allows us to exemplify the function of knots in proteins and to suggest how they may have been created.