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High-Coherence Kerr-Cat Qubit in 2D Architecture
Ahmed Hajr (University of California, Berkeley), Bingcheng Qing (University of California, Berkeley), Ke Wang (University of California, Berkeley), Gerwin Koolstra (University of California, Berkeley), Zahra Pedramrazi (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley), Ziqi Kang (University of California, Berkeley), Larry Chen (University of California, Berkeley), Long B. Nguyen (University of California, Berkeley), Christian Jünger (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley), Noah Goss (University of California, Berkeley), Irwin Huang (University of Rochester), Bibek Bhandari (Chapman University), Nicholas Frattini (Yale University), Shruti Puri (Yale University), Justin Dressel (Chapman University), Andrew N. Jordan (Chapman University, University of Rochester), David Santiago (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Irfan A. Siddiqi (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley)
Abstract: The Kerr-cat qubit is a bosonic qubit in which multiphoton Schrödinger cat states are stabilized by applying a two-photon drive to an oscillator with a Kerr nonlinearity. The suppressed bit-flip rate with increasing cat size makes this qubit a promising candidate to implement quantum error correction codes tailored for noise-biased qubits. However, achieving strong light-matter interactions necessary for stabilizing and controlling this qubit has traditionally required strong microwave drives that heat the qubit and degrade its performance. In contrast, increasing the coupling to the drive port removes the need for strong drives at the expense of large Purcell decay. By integrating an effective band-block filter on chip, we overcome this trade-off and realize a Kerr-cat qubit in a scalable 2D superconducting circuit with high coherence. This filter provides 30 dB of isolation at the qubit frequency with negligible attenuation at the frequencies required for stabilization and readout. We experimentally demonstrate quantum nondemolition readout fidelity of 99.6% for a cat with eight photons. Also, to have high-fidelity universal control over this qubit, we combine fast Rabi oscillations with a new demonstration of the X ( π / 2 ) gate through phase modulation of the stabilization drive. Finally, the lifetime in this architecture is examined as a function of the cat size of up to ten photons in the oscillator, achieving a bit-flip time higher than 1 ms and only a linear increase in the phase-flip rate, in good agreement with the theoretical analysis of the circuit. Our qubit shows promise as a building block for fault-tolerant quantum processors with a small footprint. Published by the American Physical Society 2024