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The future of quantum biology
Adriana Marais (University of KwaZulu-Natal), Betony Adams (University of KwaZulu-Natal), Andrew K. Ringsmuth (The University of Queensland, ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems), Marco Ferretti (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), J. Michael Gruber (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), Ruud Hendrikx (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), Maria Schuld (University of KwaZulu-Natal), Samuel L. Smith (University of Cambridge), Ilya Sinayskiy (National Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal), Tjaart P. J. Krüger (University of Pretoria), Francesco Petruccione (National Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal), Rienk van Grondelle (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)
Abstract: Biological systems are dynamical, constantly exchanging energy and matter with the environment in order to maintain the non-equilibrium state synonymous with living. Developments in observational techniques have allowed us to study biological dynamics on increasingly small scales. Such studies have revealed evidence of quantum mechanical effects, which cannot be accounted for by classical physics, in a range of biological processes. Quantum biology is the study of such processes, and here we provide an outline of the current state of the field, as well as insights into future directions.