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Abstract: This study investigated key factors affecting mobile device proficiency and usage patterns among community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases. Cross-sectional data from 164 older adults in a hypertension management program were utilized. Mobile device proficiency was measured using the Mobile Device Proficiency Questionnaire. Age, education, and food insecurity were negatively associated with the mobile device proficiency score, whereas self-rated health showed a significantly positive association. Mobile device proficiency varied across subscales, highlighting distinct usage patterns. While most participants reported being proficient in basic device navigation and internet use, fewer than 30 % indicated proficiency in data management. Older adults demonstrated varying levels of mobile device proficiency, with significant gaps in advanced functions like data management. These findings emphasize the need for early digital exposure, literacy-appropriate educational resources, and tailored support for older adults to promote health management and well-being. Healthcare policies should allocate resources to community-based initiatives addressing digital access gaps.