Personalized Dynamic Pricing Policy for Electric Vehicles: Reinforcement learning approach
Authors: Sangjun Bae, Balazs Kulcsar, Sebastien Gros
AI-generated Key Points
- Study explores impact of information technology on electricity price competition within fast-electric vehicle charging station market
- Focuses on self-interested EV users maximizing utilities when selecting fast-EVCS for charging
- Proposes personalized dynamic pricing policy (PeDP) using reinforcement learning approach to optimize revenue generation
- Introduces multiple fast-EVCS competing simulation environment modeling EV users' behavior through game-based charging station selection model
- Highlights significance of waiting time in EV charging market and evaluates PeDP performance considering different types of information from service provider's standpoint
- Discusses potential misuse scenarios where privacy-preserved information sharing can be exploited by AI-driven PeDP systems from customer perspective
Abstract: With the increasing number of fast-electric vehicle charging stations (fast-EVCSs) and the popularization of information technology, electricity price competition between fast-EVCSs is highly expected, in which the utilization of public and/or privacy-preserved information will play a crucial role. Self-interest electric vehicle (EV) users, on the other hand, try to select a fast-EVCS for charging in a way to maximize their utilities based on electricity price, estimated waiting time, and their state of charge. While existing studies have largely focused on finding equilibrium prices, this study proposes a personalized dynamic pricing policy (PeDP) for a fast-EVCS to maximize revenue using a reinforcement learning (RL) approach. We first propose a multiple fast-EVCSs competing simulation environment to model the selfish behavior of EV users using a game-based charging station selection model with a monetary utility function. In the environment, we propose a Q-learning-based PeDP to maximize fast-EVCS' revenue. Through numerical simulations based on the environment: (1) we identify the importance of waiting time in the EV charging market by comparing the classic Bertrand competition model with the proposed PeDP for fast-EVCSs (from the system perspective); (2) we evaluate the performance of the proposed PeDP and analyze the effects of the information on the policy (from the service provider perspective); and (3) it can be seen that privacy-preserved information sharing can be misused by artificial intelligence-based PeDP in a certain situation in the EV charging market (from the customer perspective).
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