Opportunities and Risks of LLMs for Scalable Deliberation with Polis
Authors: Christopher T. Small, Ivan Vendrov, Esin Durmus, Hadjar Homaei, Elizabeth Barry, Julien Cornebise, Ted Suzman, Deep Ganguli, Colin Megill
AI-generated Key Points
- Large Language Models (LLMs) can facilitate, moderate, and summarize outcomes in Polis engagements
- LLMs augment human intelligence and improve efficiency of Polis conversations
- Summarization capabilities enabled by LLMs empower the public in collective meaning-making exercises
- Risks associated with using LLMs need to be addressed
- Principles and techniques proposed for characterizing and mitigating risks
- Implications of employing LLMs in other deliberative or political systems explored
- Open research directions outlined for further enhancing tools like Polis with LLMs
Abstract: Polis is a platform that leverages machine intelligence to scale up deliberative processes. In this paper, we explore the opportunities and risks associated with applying Large Language Models (LLMs) towards challenges with facilitating, moderating and summarizing the results of Polis engagements. In particular, we demonstrate with pilot experiments using Anthropic's Claude that LLMs can indeed augment human intelligence to help more efficiently run Polis conversations. In particular, we find that summarization capabilities enable categorically new methods with immense promise to empower the public in collective meaning-making exercises. And notably, LLM context limitations have a significant impact on insight and quality of these results. However, these opportunities come with risks. We discuss some of these risks, as well as principles and techniques for characterizing and mitigating them, and the implications for other deliberative or political systems that may employ LLMs. Finally, we conclude with several open future research directions for augmenting tools like Polis with LLMs.
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