Where to Diffuse, How to Diffuse, and How to Get Back: Automated Learning for Multivariate Diffusions

Authors: Raghav Singhal, Mark Goldstein, Rajesh Ranganath

License: CC BY 4.0

Results of the summarizing process for the arXiv paper: 2302.07261v2

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Diffusion-based generative models (DBGMs) have been successful in various tasks such as image generation, editing, translation, and conditional text-to-image tasks. These models perturb data to a target noise distribution and then reverse the process to generate samples. The choice of the inference diffusion process greatly impacts both likelihoods and sample quality. In this work, the authors focus on Multivariate Diffusion Models (MDMs) and address the challenge of exploring different multivariate diffusions without requiring extensive model-specific analysis. They propose a recipe for maximizing a lower-bound on MDMs likelihood without the need for model-specific analysis, regardless of the number of auxiliary variables. Additionally, they demonstrate how to parameterize the diffusion for a specified target noise distribution, enabling optimization of the inference diffusion process. By optimizing the diffusion process, researchers can now experiment with a wider range of linear diffusions automatically. To showcase their approach, two new specific diffusions are introduced, and a diffusion process is learned on popular datasets like MNIST, CIFAR10, and ImageNet32. The results show that learned MDMs achieve or surpass bits-per-dim (BPDs) relative to fixed choices of diffusions for a given dataset and model architecture. The study highlights that selecting an appropriate inference process is essential for DBGMs' performance. By providing a method to optimize the inference diffusion process without extensive analysis, this work enables rapid prototyping and evaluation of different multivariate diffusions in DBGMs.
AI-generated keywords: Multivariate Diffusion Models

AI-generated Key Points

  • Diffusion-based generative models (DBGMs) have been successful in tasks such as image generation, editing, translation, and conditional text-to-image tasks.
  • DBGMs perturb data to a target noise distribution and then reverse the process to generate samples.
  • The choice of the inference diffusion process greatly impacts both likelihoods and sample quality.
  • The authors propose a recipe for maximizing a lower-bound on Multivariate Diffusion Models (MDMs) likelihood without extensive model-specific analysis.
  • They demonstrate how to parameterize the diffusion for a specified target noise distribution, enabling optimization of the inference diffusion process.
  • Optimizing the diffusion process allows researchers to experiment with a wider range of linear diffusions automatically.
  • Two new specific diffusions are introduced and a diffusion process is learned on popular datasets like MNIST, CIFAR10, and ImageNet32.
  • Learned MDMs achieve or surpass bits-per-dim (BPDs) relative to fixed choices of diffusions for a given dataset and model architecture.
  • Selecting an appropriate inference process is essential for DBGMs' performance.
  • This work enables rapid prototyping and evaluation of different multivariate diffusions in DBGMs by providing a method to optimize the inference diffusion process without extensive analysis.
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Abstract: Diffusion-based generative models (DBGMs) perturb data to a target noise distribution and reverse this process to generate samples. The choice of noising process, or inference diffusion process, affects both likelihoods and sample quality. For example, extending the inference process with auxiliary variables leads to improved sample quality. While there are many such multivariate diffusions to explore, each new one requires significant model-specific analysis, hindering rapid prototyping and evaluation. In this work, we study Multivariate Diffusion Models (MDMs). For any number of auxiliary variables, we provide a recipe for maximizing a lower-bound on the MDMs likelihood without requiring any model-specific analysis. We then demonstrate how to parameterize the diffusion for a specified target noise distribution; these two points together enable optimizing the inference diffusion process. Optimizing the diffusion expands easy experimentation from just a few well-known processes to an automatic search over all linear diffusions. To demonstrate these ideas, we introduce two new specific diffusions as well as learn a diffusion process on the MNIST, CIFAR10, and ImageNet32 datasets. We show learned MDMs match or surpass bits-per-dims (BPDs) relative to fixed choices of diffusions for a given dataset and model architecture.

Submitted to arXiv on 14 Feb. 2023

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