Effective Mid-Range Wireless Power Transfer with Compensated Radiation Loss
Authors: N. Ha-Van, C. R. Simovski, F. S. Cuesta, P. Jayathurathnage, S. A. Tretyakov
AI-generated Key Points
- Conventional inductive wireless power devices transfer energy through reactive near fields
- Radiation from transmitting and receiving coils is often considered a parasitic effect that reduces power transfer efficiency
- Efficiency drops dramatically for larger distances, making conventional devices impractical
- This paper presents a dynamic theory of wireless power transfer between two small loop antennas
- The study aims to optimize mutual dynamic interactions between antennas to achieve efficient power transfer at large distances
- Analytical results have been validated through simulations and measurements
- The research offers a potential solution to greatly expand the range of distances for compact wireless power transfer devices
- Efficient power transfer can be achieved even at larger distances by leveraging radiation suppression due to optimized antenna interactions
- Implications include charging mobile telecommunication devices, electric vehicles, implantable medical devices, robots, wearable electronics, and energy harvesting systems
- The developed theory can be applied not only to different types of antennas but also to energy transfer between nano-objects
- This study contributes to advancing WPT technologies and opens up new possibilities for mid-range wireless power transfer with compensated radiation loss.
Abstract: In conventional inductive wireless power devices, the energy is transferred via only reactive near fields, which is equivalent to non-radiative F\"orster energy transfer in optics. Radiation from transmitting and receiving coils is usually considered as a parasitic effect that reduces the power transfer efficiency. As long as the distance between the two antennas is small as compared to the antenna size, conventional WPT devices offer rather high power transfer efficiency, of the order of 80-90\%. However, for larger distances, the transfer efficiency dramatically drops, making such devices not practical. In this paper, we develop a dynamic theory of wireless power transfer between two small loop antennas, clarify the role of far-field radiation, and find a possibility to realize efficient wireless power transfer at large distances utilizing the regime of radiation suppression due to optimized mutual dynamic interactions between the transmitting and receiving antennas. The analytical results have been validated by simulations and measurements, and they open a possibility to greatly expand the range of distances of compact wireless power transfer devices. The developed theory can be applied also to coupling between antennas of different types and to energy transfer between nano-objects.
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