Primary vitamin B12 limitation and widespread stress in Antarctic phytoplankton

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1. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Variations in climate habitability parameters and their effect on Earth's biosphere during the Phanerozoic Eon

   Iva Vilović, Dirk Schulze-Makuch, René Heller · 2023 · Sci Rep 13, 12663 (2023) · cité 2 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   « Variations in climate habitability parameters » relie des facteurs environnementaux à la biomasse et à la biodiversité, tandis que l’article examine une limitation nutritive du phytoplancton antarctique.

   Résumé scientifique

   Essential insights on the characterization and quality of a detectable biosphere are gained by analyzing the effects of its environmental parameters. We compiled environmental and biological properties of the Phanerozoic Eon from various published data sets and conducted a correlation analysis to assess variations in parameters relevant to the habitability of Earth's biosphere. We showed that environmental parameters such as oxygen, global average surface temperatures, runoff rates and carbon dioxide are interrelated and play a key role in the changes of biomass and biodiversity. We showed that there were several periods with a highly thriving biosphere, with one even surpassing present day …

2. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Population dynamics in the global coral symbiont network under temperature variations

   Maria Gabriella Cavalcante Basílio, Daniel Ratton Figueiredo · 2024 · Populations and Evolution · Résumé IA disponible

   « Population dynamics in the global coral symbiont network » modélise les effets du réchauffement sur les coraux et leurs algues symbiotiques, tandis que l’article étudie le stress nutritif du phytoplancton.

   Résumé scientifique

   Coral reefs are crucial to marine biodiversity and rely on a delicate symbiotic relationship between corals and zooxanthellae algae. Water temperature variations, however, disrupt this association, leading to coral bleaching events that severely affect marine ecosystems. This study presents a mathematical model for the population dynamics of coral and symbiont species considering the coral symbiont network and recurrent warming events. The model incorporates thermal tolerances of species and coupled growth dynamics (between corals and symbionts) to investigate how network structure and thermal tolerance influence the species' growth. Using real data from different ocean regions, results reve…

3. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Nutritional Regulation Influencing Colony Dynamics and Task Allocations in Social Insect Colonies

   Feng Rao, Marisabel Rodriguez Messan, Angelica Marquez et al. · 2020 · Populations and Evolution · cité 3 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   « Nutritional Regulation Influencing Colony Dynamics » relie nutrition et dynamique de populations d’insectes sociaux, tandis que l’article relie la vitamine B12 et le fer à la croissance du phytoplancton.

   Résumé scientifique

   In this paper, we use an adaptive modeling framework to model and study how nutritional status (measured by the protein to carbohydrate ratio) may regulate population dynamics and foraging task allocation of social insect colonies. Mathematical analysis of our model shows that both investment to brood rearing and brood nutrition are important for colony survival and dynamics. When division of labor and/or nutrition are in an intermediate value range, the model undergoes a backward bifurcation and creates multiple attractors due to bistability. This bistability implies that there is a threshold population size required for colony survival. When the investment in brood is large enough or nutri…

4. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Inferring Chemical Disequilibrium Biosignatures for Proterozoic Earth-Like Exoplanets

   Amber V. Young, Tyler D. Robinson, Joshua Krissansen-Totton et al. · 2023 · Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · cité 20 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   « Inferring Chemical Disequilibrium Biosignatures » évalue des biosignatures atmosphériques d’exoplanètes, tandis que l’article mesure des limitations nutritives chez le phytoplancton.

   Résumé scientifique

   Chemical disequilibrium quantified via available free energy has previously been proposed as a potential biosignature. However, exoplanet biosignature remote sensing work has not yet investigated how observational uncertainties impact the ability to infer a life-generated available free energy. We pair an atmospheric retrieval tool to a thermodynamics model to assess the detectability of chemical disequilibrium signatures of Earth-like exoplanets, emphasizing the Proterozoic Eon where atmospheric abundances of oxygen-methane disequilibrium pairs may have been relatively high. Retrieval model studies applied across a range of gas abundances revealed that order-of-magnitude constraints on dise…

5. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Meteoritic Abundances of Fatty Acids and Potential Reaction Pathways in Planetesimals

   James C. -Y. Lai, Ben K. D. Pearce, Ralph E. Pudritz et al. · 2018 · Icarus, 2019, 319, 685-700 · cité 37 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   « Meteoritic Abundances of Fatty Acids » étudie des molécules prébiotiques dans les météorites, un sujet distinct de la limitation en B12 du phytoplancton.

   Résumé scientifique

   The origin of fatty acids on the prebiotic Earth is important as they likely formed the encapsulating membranes of the first protocells. Carbon-rich meteorites (i.e., carbonaceous chondrites) such as Murchison and Tagish Lake are well known to contain these molecules, and their delivery to the early planet by intense early meteorite bombardments constitutes a key prebiotic source. We collect the fatty acid abundances measured in various carbonaceous chondrites from the literature and analyze them for patterns and correlations. Fatty acids in meteorites include straight-chain and branched-chain monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids up to 12 carbons in length---fatty acids with at least 8 carb…

6. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Carbon Depletion in the Early Solar System

   Fabian Binkert, Til Birnstiel · 2023 · Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · cité 11 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   « Carbon Depletion in the Early Solar System » modélise le transport et la perte de carbone dans le disque solaire, sans étudier la croissance du phytoplancton.

   Résumé scientifique

   Earth and other rocky objects in the inner Solar System are depleted in carbon compared to objects in the outer Solar System, the Sun, or the ISM. It is believed that this is a result of the selective removal of refractory carbon from primordial circumstellar material. In this work, we study the irreversible release of carbon into the gaseous environment via photolysis and pyrolysis of refractory carbonaceous material during the disk phase of the early Solar System. We analytically solve the one-dimensional advection equation and derive an explicit expression that describes the depletion of carbonaceous material in solids under the influence of radial and vertical transport. We find both dep…

7. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Habitat fragmentation affects climate adaptation in a forest herb

   Frederik Van Daele, Olivier Honnay, Steven Janssens et al. · 2023 · Populations and Evolution · cité 14 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   « Habitat fragmentation affects climate adaptation » expérimente sur la réponse à la sécheresse d’une plante forestière, tandis que l’article étudie le stress nutritif de microalgues marines.

   Résumé scientifique

   Climate change and increased drought frequencies are expected to have a major impact on forest herb persistence. The adaptive capacity of forest herbs will depend on their long standing imprints of local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. To evaluate how local adaptation to habitat fragmentation affects climate adaptation we quantified a wide range of traits in a common garden experiment of Primula elatior. Specifically, we disentangled the relative contribution of climate, habitat fragmentation, and drought stress on trait variation of the germination lag time, germination rate, growth rate, root:shoot ratio, specific leaf area, stomatal density, glandular trichome density, flower phenol…

8. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Sea-level and summer season orbital insolation as drivers of Arctic sea-ice

   Claude Hillaire-Marcel, Anne de Vernal, Michel Crucifix · 2021 · Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · cité 2 fois · Pas encore résumé

   « Sea-level and summer season orbital insolation » examine les moteurs de la glace de mer arctique, tandis que l’article porte sur la vitamine B12 et le fer dans l’océan Austral.

   Résumé scientifique

   The sea-ice cover of the Arctic Ocean is an important element of the climate and ocean system in the Northern Hemisphere as it impacts albedo, atmospheric pressure regimes, CO2-exchange at the ocean/atmosphere interface as well as the North Atlantic freshwater budget and thermohaline circulation [1]. Due to global warming, the Arctic sea-ice cover is presently evolving at an unprecedent rate towards full melt during the summer season, driving the so-called "Arctic amplification" [2]. However, the Arctic sea-ice has also experienced large amplitude variations, from seasonal to orbital (Milankovitch) time scales, in the past. Recent studies led to suggest that whereas insolation has been a maj…