Full-Term and Preterm Differences in Human Brain Functional Connectivity Development Across Birth

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1. Proche Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

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   Log-Contrast Regression relie les trajectoires du microbiome intestinal des prématurés à leurs résultats neurocomportementaux, plutôt qu’à la connectivité cérébrale.

   Résumé scientifique

   The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) experience is known to be one of the most crucial factors that drive preterm infant's neurodevelopmental and health outcomes. It is hypothesized that stressful early life experience of very preterm neonate is imprinting gut microbiome by the regulation of the so-called brain-gut axis, and consequently, certain microbiome markers are predictive of later infant neurodevelopment. To investigate, a preterm infant study was conducted; infant fecal samples were collected during the infants' first month of postnatal age, resulting in functional compositional microbiome data, and neurobehavioral outcomes were measured when infants reached 36-38 weeks of post-m…

2. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

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   Résumé scientifique

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3. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Postoperative brain volumes are associated with one-year neurodevelopmental outcome in children with severe congenital heart disease

   Eliane Meuwly, Maria Feldmann, Walter Knirsch et al. · 2019 · Neurons and Cognition · cité 55 fois · Pas encore résumé

   Postoperative brain volumes examine les volumes cérébraux et le devenir neurodéveloppemental après chirurgie chez des nouveau-nés à terme atteints de cardiopathie congénitale.

   Résumé scientifique

   Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) remain at risk for neurodevelopmental impairment despite improved peri- and intraoperative care. Our prospective cohort study aimed to determine the relationship between perioperative brain volumes and neurodevelopmental outcome in neonates with severe CHD. Pre- and postoperative cerebral MRI was acquired in term born neonates with CHD undergoing neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Brain volumes were measured using an atlas prior based automated method. One-year outcome was assessed with the Bayley-III. CHD infants (n=77) had lower pre- and postoper-ative total and regional brain volumes compared to controls (n=44, all p<0.01). CHD infants ha…

4. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Vagus nerve manipulation and microglial plasticity in the prenatal brain

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   Résumé scientifique

   The efferent and afferent effects of the vagus nerve on the developing brain have remained enigmatic. Here we review the evidence of such effects on microglial plasticity in the sheep model of human fetal development, one of the most recognized and deployed models of human fetal physiology. We show that vagotomy alters microglial phenotype and that this effect is hormetic under conditions of mild systemic inflammation, as may occur antepartum with chorioamnionitis. We present the methodology to assess not only biomarker-based microglial activation but also the morphometric features of the microglia. Together, these assessments provide a more comprehensive toolbox of glial phenotypical charac…

5. Apparenté Données, outil ou méthode en commun Pas pertinent

   Statistical power and prediction accuracy in multisite resting-state fMRI connectivity

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   Statistical power and prediction accuracy analyse les biais intersites et leur effet sur les différences de connectivité mesurées par IRM fonctionnelle au repos.

   Résumé scientifique

   Connectivity studies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging are increasingly pooling data acquired at multiple sites. While this may allow investigators to speed up recruitment or increase sample size, multisite studies also potentially introduce systematic biases in connectivity measures across sites. In this work, we measure the inter-site effect in connectivity and its impact on our ability to detect individual and group differences. Our study was based on real, as opposed to simulated, multisite fMRI datasets collected in N=345 young, healthy subjects across 8 scanning sites with 3T scanners and heterogeneous scanning protocols, drawn from the 1000 functional connectom…

6. Apparenté Même question Pas pertinent

   A Deep Generative Model of Neonatal Cortical Surface Development

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   A Deep Generative Model étudie aussi les effets de la prématurité sur le développement cérébral néonatal, mais à partir de la surface corticale.

   Résumé scientifique

   The neonatal cortical surface is known to be affected by preterm birth, and the subsequent changes to cortical organisation have been associated with poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes. Deep Generative models have the potential to lead to clinically interpretable models of disease, but developing these on the cortical surface is challenging since established techniques for learning convolutional filters are inappropriate on non-flat topologies. To close this gap, we implement a surface-based CycleGAN using mixture model CNNs (MoNet) to translate sphericalised neonatal cortical surface features (curvature and T1w/T2w cortical myelin) between different stages of cortical maturity. Results show…

7. Apparenté Données, outil ou méthode en commun Pas pertinent

   Multiscale statistical testing for connectome-wide association studies in fMRI

   P. Bellec, Y. Benhajali, F. Carbonell et al. · 2014 · Quantitative Methods · preprint, non relu par les pairs · cité 2 fois · Résumé IA disponible

   Multiscale statistical testing propose des tests statistiques pour les associations à l’échelle du connectome en IRMf, utiles à l’analyse de la connectivité.

   Résumé scientifique

   Alterations in brain connectivity have been associated with a variety of clinical disorders using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We investigated empirically how the number of brain parcels (or scale) impacted the results of a mass univariate general linear model (GLM) on connectomes. The brain parcels used as nodes in the connectome analysis were functionnally defined by a group cluster analysis. We first validated that a classic Benjamini-Hochberg procedure with parametric GLM tests did control appropriately the false-discovery rate (FDR) at a given scale. We then observed on realistic simulations that there was no substantial inflation of the FDR across scales, as long as th…

8. Apparenté Contexte plus large Pas pertinent

   Stimulation-based control of dynamic brain networks

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   Stimulation-based control modélise l’effet de stimulations ciblées sur les réseaux cérébraux dynamiques, sans étudier leur développement précoce.

   Résumé scientifique

   The ability to modulate brain states using targeted stimulation is increasingly being employed to treat neurological disorders and to enhance human performance. Despite the growing interest in brain stimulation as a form of neuromodulation, much remains unknown about the network-level impact of these focal perturbations. To study the system wide impact of regional stimulation, we employ a data-driven computational model of nonlinear brain dynamics to systematically explore the effects of targeted stimulation. Validating predictions from network control theory, we uncover the relationship between regional controllability and the focal versus global impact of stimulation, and we relate these f…