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The Automation of Science
Ross D. King (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Jem J. Rowland (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Stephen G. Oliver (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Michael Young (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Wayne Aubrey (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), E Byrne (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Maria Liakata (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Magdalena Markham (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Pınar Pir (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Larisa Soldatova (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Andrew Sparkes (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Kenneth E. Whelan (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge), Amanda J. Clare (Aberystwyth University, University of Cambridge)
Résumé : The basis of science is the hypothetico-deductive method and the recording of experiments in sufficient detail to enable reproducibility. We report the development of Robot Scientist "Adam," which advances the automation of both. Adam has autonomously generated functional genomics hypotheses about the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and experimentally tested these hypotheses by using laboratory automation. We have confirmed Adam's conclusions through manual experiments. To describe Adam's research, we have developed an ontology and logical language. The resulting formalization involves over 10,000 different research units in a nested treelike structure, 10 levels deep, that relates the 6.6 million biomass measurements to their logical description. This formalization describes how a machine contributed to scientific knowledge.