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Résumé : Chapter 4 delves into the mechanisms behind social tipping points and transformative societal change, drawing on insights from complexity science, psychology, and historical case studies. At its core, the chapter illustrates how societies often get stuck in harmful states due to cognitive rigidity, conservative feedback mechanisms, and the influence of elites invested in maintaining the status quo. However, these rigid systems lose resilience over time, becoming increasingly susceptible to abrupt transformation triggered by seemingly minor events. The author introduces a graphical model of tipping, where societal shifts are catalyzed once a critical mass adopts new attitudes—often beginning at the societal periphery. Analogies with systems in nature, like earthquakes and deglaciation, reinforce the universality of tipping dynamics. The chapter also discusses how belief systems become entrenched, how perceptions are manipulated, and how technologies and norms evolve. Network theory explains how transformations spread through interconnected systems, where cascading change can lead to widespread societal shifts.