Crypto Makes AI Evolve
Authors: Behrouz Zolfaghari (Cyber Science Lab, School of Computer Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada), Elnaz Rabieinejad (Cyber Science Lab, School of Computer Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada), Abbas Yazdinejad (Cyber Science Lab, School of Computer Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada), Reza M. Parizi (College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, GA, USA), Ali Dehghantanha (Cyber Science Lab, School of Computer Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada)
Abstract: Adopting cryptography has given rise to a significant evolution in Artificial Intelligence (AI). This paper studies the path and stages of this evolution. We start with reviewing existing relevant surveys, noting their shortcomings, especially the lack of a close look at the evolution process and solid future roadmap. These shortcomings justify the work of this paper. Next, we identify, define and discuss five consequent stages in the evolution path, including Crypto-Sensitive AI, Crypto-Adapted AI, Crypto-Friendly AI, Crypto-Enabled AI, Crypto-Protected AI. Then, we establish a future roadmap for further research in this area, focusing on the role of quantum-inspired and bio-inspired AI.
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