# UNCOVER: Illuminating the Early Universe -- JWST/NIRSpec Confirmation of $z > 12$ Galaxies

**Authors:** Bingjie Wang, Seiji Fujimoto, Ivo Labbe, Lukas J. Furtak, Tim B. Miller, David J. Setton, Adi Zitrin, Hakim Atek, Gabriel Brammer, Rachel Bezanson, Joel Leja, Pascal A. Oesch, Sedona H. Price, Iryna Chemerynska, Sam E. Cutler, Pratika Dayal, Pieter van Dokkum, Andy D. Goulding, Jenny E. Greene, Y. Fudamoto  
**arXiv:** [2308.03745](https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03745)  
**Date:** 2023-08-07  
**Summary page:** https://www.summarizepaper.com/fr/paper/2308.03745v1/

## Abstract

Observations of high-redshift galaxies provide a critical direct test to the theories of early galaxy formation, yet to date, only four have been spectroscopically confirmed at $z>12$. Due to strong gravitational lensing over a wide area, the galaxy cluster field Abell~2744 is ideal for searching for the earliest galaxies. Here we present JWST/NIRSpec observations of two galaxies: a robust detection at $z = 12.40$, and a plausible candidate at $z = 13.08$. The galaxies are discovered in JWST/NIRCam imaging and their distances are inferred with JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy, all from the JWST Cycle 1 UNCOVER Treasury survey. Detailed stellar population modeling using JWST NIRCam and NIRSpec data corroborates the primeval characteristics of these galaxies: low mass ($\sim 10^8 ~{\rm M_\odot}$), young, rapidly-forming, metal-poor, and star-forming. Interestingly, both galaxies are spatially resolved, having lensing-corrected rest-UV effective radii on the order of 300--400 pc. These sizes are notably larger than other $z>10$ systems, implying significant scatter in the size-mass relation at early times. Deep into the epoch of reionization, these discoveries elucidate the emergence of the first galaxies.