# Opening the Frey/Osborne Black Box: Which Tasks of a Job are Susceptible to Computerization?

**Authors:** Philipp Brandes, Roger Wattenhofer  
**arXiv:** [1604.08823](https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.08823)  
**Date:** 2016-04-29  
**Summary page:** https://www.summarizepaper.com/fr/paper/1604.08823v2/

## Abstract

In their seminal paper, Frey and Osborne quantified the automation of jobs, by assigning each job in the O*NET database a probability to be automated. In this paper, we refine their results in the following way: Every O*NET job consists of a set of tasks, and these tasks can be related. We use a linear program to assign probabilities to tasks, such that related tasks have a similar probability and the tasks can explain the computerization probability of a job. Analyzing jobs on the level of tasks helps comprehending the results, as experts as well as laymen can more easily criticize and refine what parts of a job are susceptible to computerization.