Tokenisation is NP-Complete

Authors: Philip Whittington, Gregor Bachmann, Tiago Pimentel

License: CC BY 4.0

Abstract: In this work, we prove the NP-completeness of two variants of tokenisation, defined as the problem of compressing a dataset to at most $\delta$ symbols by either finding a vocabulary directly (direct tokenisation), or selecting a sequence of merge operations (bottom-up tokenisation).

Submitted to arXiv on 19 Dec. 2024

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