# Three-dimensional nanoscale control of magnetism in crystalline Yttrium Iron Garnet

**Authors:** Valerio Levati, Matteo Vitali, Andrea Del Giacco, Nicola Pellizzi, Raffaele Silvani, Luca Ciaccarini Mavilla, Marco Madami, Irene Biancardi, Davide Girardi, Matteo Panzeri, Piero Florio, David Breitbach, Philipp Pirro, Ludovica Rovatti, Nora Lecis, Federico Maspero, Riccardo Bertacco, Giacomo Corrielli, Roberto Osellame, Valeria Russo  
**arXiv:** [2409.17722](https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.17722)  
**Date:** 2024-09-26  
**Summary page:** https://www.summarizepaper.com/en/paper/2409.17722v1/

## Key points

- Authors present a novel approach to nanostructuring crystalline Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) thin films using a focused UV laser
- Process enhances perpendicular magnetic anisotropy while maintaining material's crystalline quality
- Modulation of magnetic properties is highly confined at nanoscale in lateral and vertical directions, providing precise control over depth and extent of anisotropy profiles within the material's volume
- Collaborative effort involving various experimental and theoretical techniques such as static magnetic characterization, Brillouin Light Scattering (BLS) measurements, micromagnetic simulations, structural and optical characterization, Raman measurements, fabrication of spin-wave antennas, and finite element method (FEM) laser heating modeling
- Significant advancements demonstrated in spin-wave band structure tuning, spatial localization within the volume, and non-reciprocity
- Development paves the way for three-dimensional magnonic crystals with unique functionalities
- Research supported by European Union programs Horizon 2020 and Next Generation EU, Italian Ministry for University and Research grants, Fondazione Cariplo, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
- Represents significant advancement in magnonics and magneto-optic devices through laser nanofabrication technique for creating three-dimensional magnetic systems based on crystalline YIG thin films
- Findings open up new possibilities for innovative functionalities in future technologies related to magnonics and nanomagnetism

## Summary

The authors present a novel approach to nanostructuring crystalline Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) thin films using a focused UV laser. This process enhances perpendicular magnetic anisotropy while maintaining the material's crystalline quality. The resulting modulation of magnetic properties is highly confined at the nanoscale in both lateral and vertical directions, providing precise control over depth and extent of anisotropy profiles within the material's volume. Through a collaborative effort involving various experimental and theoretical techniques, including static magnetic characterization, Brillouin Light Scattering (BLS) measurements, micromagnetic simulations, structural and optical characterization, Raman measurements, fabrication of spin-wave antennas, and finite element method (FEM) laser heating modeling, the authors demonstrate significant advancements in spin-wave band structure tuning, spatial localization within the volume, and non-reciprocity. These developments pave the way for three-dimensional magnonic crystals with unique functionalities. The research was supported by multiple sources including European Union programs Horizon 2020 and Next Generation EU as well as Italian Ministry for University and Research grants. Additional support from organizations such as Fondazione Cariplo and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) was also acknowledged. Overall, this work represents a significant advancement in magnonics and magneto-optic devices through a straightforward laser nanofabrication technique for creating three-dimensional magnetic systems based on crystalline YIG thin films. The findings open up new possibilities for innovative functionalities in future technologies related to magnonics and nanomagnetism.