# Engineering anomalous Floquet Majorana modes and their time evolution in helical Shiba chain

**Authors:** Debashish Mondal, Arnob Kumar Ghosh, Tanay Nag, Arijit Saha  
**arXiv:** [2304.02352](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.02352)  
**Date:** 2023-04-05  
**Summary page:** https://www.summarizepaper.com/en/paper/2304.02352v1/

## Key points

- The paper explores the generation of Majorana end modes (MEMs) using a periodic sinusoidal modulation in chemical potential.
- The setup is based on a one-dimensional chain of magnetic impurity atoms with a spin spiral configuration fabricated on the surface of the most common bulk s-wave superconductor.
- The authors obtain a rich phase diagram in the parameter space that highlights the possibility of generating multiple $0$-/$\pi$-MEMs localized at the end of the chain.
- They study the real-time evolution of these emergent MEMs, particularly when they start to appear in the time domain.
- These MEMs are topologically characterized by employing the dynamical winding number which provides valuable insights into understanding how Floquet MEMs can be generated and controlled using an experimentally feasible setup.
- The work has significant implications for quantum computing and other areas where Majorana fermions play an important role as it paves the way to realize Floquet MEMs in a magnet-superconductor heterostructure.

## Summary

In their recent paper, "Engineering anomalous Floquet Majorana modes and their time evolution in helical Shiba chain," authors Debashish Mondal, Arnob Kumar Ghosh, Tanay Nag, and Arijit Saha explore the generation of Majorana end modes (MEMs) using a periodic sinusoidal modulation in chemical potential. The experimentally feasible setup is based on a one-dimensional chain of magnetic impurity atoms with a spin spiral configuration fabricated on the surface of the most common bulk s-wave superconductor. The authors obtain a rich phase diagram in the parameter space that highlights the possibility of generating multiple $0$-/$\pi$-MEMs localized at the end of the chain. They also study the real-time evolution of these emergent MEMs, particularly when they start to appear in the time domain. These MEMs are topologically characterized by employing the dynamical winding number which provides valuable insights into understanding how Floquet MEMs can be generated and controlled using an experimentally feasible setup. Their work has significant implications for quantum computing and other areas where Majorana fermions play an important role as it paves the way to realize Floquet MEMs in a magnet-superconductor heterostructure. Overall, this paper represents an important contribution to our understanding of topological phases and their practical applications.