# Cloud Services Enable Efficient AI-Guided Simulation Workflows across Heterogeneous Resources

**Authors:** Logan Ward, J. Gregory Pauloski, Valerie Hayot-Sasson, Ryan Chard, Yadu Babuji, Ganesh Sivaraman, Sutanay Choudhury, Kyle Chard, Rajeev Thakur, Ian Foster  
**arXiv:** [2303.08803](https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.08803)  
**Date:** 2023-03-15  
**Summary page:** https://www.summarizepaper.com/en/paper/2303.08803v1/

## Key points

- Integration of machine learning and simulation can be optimized by utilizing multiple computing resources.
- Running simulation codes on supercomputers with AI training and inference tasks on specialized accelerators can significantly benefit the process.
- The authors present their experiences in deploying two AI-guided simulation workflows across heterogeneous systems.
- Cloud-hosted management services are used to manage cross-resource authentication and authorization, function-as-a-service (FaaS) function invocation, and data transfer.
- Their methods achieve performance parity with systems that rely on direct connections between resources by integrating the FaaS system and data transfer capabilities with a system that passes data by reference among managers and workers.
- They employ a user-configurable steering algorithm to hide data transfer latencies.
- Use of cloud-hosted management services streamlines challenging aspects of cross-resource authentication and authorization while achieving comparable performance to direct connections.
- This study highlights the potential benefits of fusing machine learning and simulation while utilizing multiple computing resources.

## Summary

The integration of machine learning and simulation can be optimized by utilizing multiple computing resources. For instance, running simulation codes on supercomputers with AI training and inference tasks on specialized accelerators can significantly benefit the process. In this study, the authors present their experiences in deploying two AI-guided simulation workflows across heterogeneous systems. A unique aspect of their approach is the use of cloud-hosted management services to manage cross-resource authentication and authorization, function-as-a-service (FaaS) function invocation, and data transfer. The authors demonstrate that their methods can achieve performance parity with systems that rely on direct connections between resources. They achieve this by integrating the FaaS system and data transfer capabilities with a system that passes data by reference among managers and workers. Additionally, they employ a user-configurable steering algorithm to hide data transfer latencies. One notable feature of this study is its use of cloud-hosted management services to streamline challenging aspects of cross-resource authentication and authorization. The authors show that these methods can achieve comparable performance to direct connections while providing ease-of-use for routine use of heterogeneous resources in computational science. Overall, this study highlights the potential benefits of fusing machine learning and simulation while utilizing multiple computing resources. By leveraging cloud-based management services, researchers can optimize workflow efficiency while minimizing technical challenges associated with cross-resource communication.